ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Obesity contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma development via immunosuppressive microenvironment remodeling.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Advancements in Known and Emerging Risk Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Development and validation of a nomogram to predict recurrence after hepatectomy in overweight patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Diet-Microbiota-Immune Interactions in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Immunometabolic and Spatial Perspective.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming in cancer: dysregulation of glucose, lipid, and amino acid pathways and therapeutic opportunities.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Association and predictive value of sarcopenic obesity for the prognosis of lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Research Progress on the Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Preventing and Treating HCC Invasion and Metastasis Based on Lipid Metabolic Reprogramming.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- First-line atezolizumab/bevacizumab or durvalumab/tremelimumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a real world, multicenter retrospective study.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Inflammation in MASLD progression and cancer.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Review
- The spatio-temporal trends and determinants of liver cancer attributable to specific etiologies: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Global health research and policy · 2025Article
- The PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway: Immuno-Metabolic Orchestration in IR/MASH-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Investigating the causal association between obesity and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and underlying mechanisms.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Inflammatory Response in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Double-Edged Weapon.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Obesity-related T cell dysfunction impairs immunosurveillance and increases cancer risk.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis and Progression to Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Literature Review.Cancers · 2024Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is generally recognized that the initiation of obesity-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is closely associated with hepatic inflammation. However, the paradoxical role of inflammation in the initiation and progression of HCC is highlighted by the fact that the inflammatory HCC is accompanied by significant immune effector cells infiltration compared to non-inflammatory HCC and HCC with enhanced immune response exhibits better survival. Importantly, the cancer progression has been primarily attributed to the immunosuppression, which can also be induced by obesity. Furthermore, the increased risk of viral infection and thus viral-HCC in obese individuals supports the view that obesity contributes to HCC via immunosuppression. Here, we have reviewed the various mechanisms responsible for obesity-induced tumor immune microenvironment and immunosuppression in obesity-related HCC. We highlight that the obesity-induced immunosuppression originates from lipid disorder as well as metabolic reprogramming and propose potential therapeutic strategy for HCC based on the current success of immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.