ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2023
Dietary patterns and diabetes mellitus among people living with and without HIV: a cross-sectional study in Tanzania.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of HIV Status on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Among Older Adults in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Secondary Data Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Type 2 diabetes in people living with HIV: epidemiology, mechanisms, sex differences and early-life determinants.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Traditional diets and cultural beliefs affecting diabetes prevention and control in Africa.Journal of public health research · 2026Review
- Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in adults with different patterns of diet: a cross-sectional study in north-western Tanzania.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes reduction among older people living with HIV in Harare.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2024Review
- Article
- Dietary patterns and metabolic morbidities correlate among adolescents and young adults with HIV in Lagos, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study design.Journal of multimorbidity and comorbidityArticle
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Abstract
Background: Due to the complexity of human diets, it is difficult to relate single foods to health outcomes. We aimed to identify the dietary patterns and associated factors and to assess the association of dietary patterns with prediabetes/diabetes among adults living with and without HIV in Tanzania. Methods: Diet data were collected by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced rank regression (RRR). The associations between dietary patterns and associated factors as well as with prediabetes/diabetes were assessed using multinomial logistic regression and presented by marginal plots. Results: Of 572 recruited, 63% were people living with HIV. The mean (±SD) age was 42.6 (±11.7) years and 60% were females. The PCA identified two major dietary patterns, i.e., vegetable-rich pattern (VRP) and vegetable-poor pattern (VPP) whereas RRR identified one dietary pattern, i.e., carbohydrate-dense pattern (CDP). In comparison to females, males had higher adherence to VPP and CDP, but less to VRP. Higher socioeconomic status was associated with higher adherence to VRP and VPP but low adherence to CDP. Compared to HIV-negative participants, people living with HIV had higher adherence to VRP but less adherence to CDP. Compared to younger people, older people had lower adherence to VPP. High adherence to CDP or VRP was positively associated with prediabetes. Higher adherence to VRP was associated with a borderline decrease in diabetes. No association was observed between VPP with either prediabetes or diabetes. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that dietary patterns may impact the risk of prediabetes and diabetes differently. Awareness of the health benefits of VRP should be encouraged in the community, especially for men who seem to consume fewer vegetables. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore the contribution of dietary patterns to prediabetes/diabetes development in sub-Saharan Africa.
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