ArticleDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2023
Sexual dimorphism in mitochondrial dysfunction and diabetes mellitus: evidence from a population-based cohort study.
Article in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexual Dimorphism in Cardiometabolic Diseases: From Development to Senescence and Therapeutic Approaches.Cells · 2025Review
- Mitochondrial dysfunction-related metabolite methylmalonic acid is associated with decreased cognitive performance.PloS one · 2025Article
- Decreased cobalamin sensitivity and biological aging acceleration in the general population.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Article
- Navigating the future of diabetes: innovative nomogram models for predicting all-cause mortality risk in diabetic nephropathy.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
- Unveiling the Hidden Burden: Estimating All-Cause Mortality Risk in Older Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPathophysiological mechanisms underlying sex-based differences in diabetes remain poorly understood. Mitochondrial metabolite methylmalonic acid (MMA) accumulation reflects mitochondrial dysfunction which is involved in sex-specific pathophysiological responses biologically. We aimed to investigate the sex-specific associations between mortality risk and MMA in adults with the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes.
methodsThis cohort study included 24,164 adults (12,123 females and 12,041 males) from the NHANES study during 1999-2014. Both sexes were separately categorized as those with no diabetes, prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and diagnosed diabetes. Circulating MMA level was measured at baseline by mass-spectrometric detection. Mortality status was ascertained from baseline until December 31, 2015.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 11.1 years, 3375 deaths were documented. Males had a particularly higher mortality than females in adults with diagnosed diabetes compared to differences in those with no diabetes, prediabetes and undiagnosed diabetes (sex differences in mortality rate per 1000 person-years across diabetic status: 0.62, 1.44, 5.78, and 9.77, p < 0.001). Notably, the sex-specific difference in associations between MMA and mortality was significant only in adults with diagnosed diabetes (p for interaction = 0.028), not in adults with no diabetes and prediabetes. Adjusted HRs (95%CIs) per doubling of MMA for all-cause mortality were 1.19 (1.04-1.37) in females with diagnosed diabetes versus 1.58 (1.36-1.86) in male counterparts. In addition, MMA levels had an insignificant or weak correlation with sex hormone profiles at baseline, regardless of diabetes status and sex.
conclusionsSex difference in mortality risk was especially significant in diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Increasing equivalent exposure to mitochondrial metabolite MMA was associated with a greater excess risk of future mortality in males with diabetes than in females.
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