ArticleInternational journal of legal medicine2023
Development of a novel forensic age estimation strategy for aged blood samples by combining piRNA and miRNA markers.
Article in International journal of legal medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advancing Forensic Human Chronological Age Estimation: Biochemical, Genetic, and Epigenetic Approaches from the Last 15 Years: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Individual identification and time since deposition estimation based on community structure and absolute abundance of the exposed vaginal microbiome.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Article
- Novel RNA transcript signatures for accurate age prediction using RNA profiling.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Article
- A novel approach for age estimation based on blood mitochondrial DNA analysis.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Article
- Accuracy and challenges in age estimation in adults: a scoping review of anthropological, dental, biochemical, and molecular methods.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2025Article
- Development of a microRNA-Based age estimation model using whole-blood microRNA expression profiling.Non-coding RNA research · 2025Article
- Age-related patterns in mandibular third molar eruption: presenting new forensic age assessment reference data from a Chinese population.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2025Article
- Exploration and application of microorganisms related to the inference of the time since deposition (TsD) in semen and blood stains.International journal of legal medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In forensic investigations, age estimation is vital for determining whether a suspect is under or over the legally defined adult age. With breakthroughs in RNA sequencing technology, small noncoding RNAs have provided new ways to solve problems related to the age estimation of trace or aged samples, owing to their small molecular weight and better stability. In our previous study, we had applied miRNAs for the age estimation of bloodstains; however, further improvement of the existing model is needed. PIWI-interacting RNAs (PiRNAs), which are 24-32 nt noncoding small RNA molecules involved in the PIWI-piRNA pathway, play an important role in the aging process. In this study, we explored the possibility of simultaneously analyzing piRNAs and miRNAs for better age estimation purpose. Through massively parallel sequencing, five age-related piRNAs were identified in blood samples that had been stored for eight years. Further real-time PCR analysis revealed that two piRNAs (piR-000753 and piR-020548) showed relatively higher efficiency in age estimation. Additionally, two age-related miRNAs (miR-324-3p and miR-330-5p) were used to build the estimation model. Among all algorithms tested, gradient boosting showed the lowest mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) values (3.171 and 4.403 years, respectively) for the validation dataset (n = 110). The errors of the model were less than 5 years and 10 years for 81.82% and 96.36% of the samples, respectively. The results suggest that the combined use of piRNA and miRNA markers may increase the accuracy of age estimation, and our new model has great potential for application in forensic casework.
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