ArticlePreventing chronic disease2023
US Cigarette Smoking Disparities by Race and Ethnicity - Keep Going and Going!
Article in Preventing chronic disease, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the US: A Systematic Review of Nationally Representative Health Surveys.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of smoking cessation interventions tested among Indigenous populations in the United States.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Pooled it
- Varenicline Over-The-Counter Trial on Efficacy and Safety.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Trial
- Conversational Chatbot for Cigarette Smoking Cessation: Results From the 11-Step User-Centered Design Development Process and Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2024Trial
- The U.S. Federal Menthol Ban: a Critical Step Toward Health Equity for African Americans.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Success and challenges of tobacco control interventions among American Indians in California.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Assessment of Differences in Colorectal Cancer Outcomes by Geographic Region for Black Patients in the United States.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Favorable Cardiovascular Health Among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Adults in the United States: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008 to 2024.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Estimating Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility in the Veterans Health Administration Using Patient-Reported Smoking Histories.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Attenuation of Black-White Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease Incidence and Total Mortality by Life's Essential 8.Circulation. Population health and outcomes · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal trends, demographic disparities, and predictions to 2040 in gastrointestinal cancer mortality in the United States.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Sexual Minority Adults and Smoking Cessation Outcomes: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in long-term heart failure risk of trastuzumab with or without anthracyclines in early-stage breast cancer: a SEER-Medicare database analysis.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- Parents' Cigarette Purchases During COVID-19: Evidence From NielsenIQ Consumer Panel Data.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Geospatial Analysis of Accredited Lung Cancer Screening Facilities in Florida Reveals Suboptimal Alignment with High-Risk Populations.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Comparison of Black and/or Hispanic Cancer Patients' Experiences in Virtual Tobacco Treatment.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Predictors of Tobacco Use Behaviors Among Syrian Americans.Tobacco use insights · 2026Article
- Data-based clustering in prediction of cervical cancer DNA methylation using pan-cancer genetic and clinical data.Bioinformatics advances · 2026Article
- Race and Sex Differences in PRMT6 Expression in Lung Tumors in Relation to Neighborhood Violence.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2025Article
- Trends and disparities in mortality associated with peripheral artery disease and hyperlipidemia, 1999-2024.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAlthough current cigarette smoking among US adults decreased from 42.4% in 1965 to 12.5% in 2020, prevalence is higher among certain racial and ethnic groups, including non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) adults.
methodsWe examined trends in current cigarette smoking prevalence, population estimates, and relative disparity among US adults (aged ≥18 y) between 2011 and 2020 by using data from the National Health Interview Survey. SAS-callable SUDAAN was used to obtain prevalence and population estimates, and relative disparity was calculated on the basis of findings in the literature. Trends were significant at P < .05.
resultsFrom 2011 to 2020, linear decreases in prevalence and population estimates were observed for non-Hispanic White (20.6% to 13.3%; 32.1 million to 20.7 million), non-Hispanic Black (19.4% to 14.4%; 5.1 million to 4.0 million), and Hispanic (12.9% to 8.0%; 4.2 million to 3.3 million) adults. For non-Hispanic AIAN adults, prevalence remained around 27%, and a linear increase in the population estimate was observed from 400,000 to 510,000. Relative disparity did not change across racial and ethnic categories.
conclusionLinear decreases have occurred between 2011 and 2020 for non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic adults who smoke, but the number of non-Hispanic AIAN adults who currently smoke has increased by 110,000, and relative disparities persist. To reduce racial and ethnic disparities in smoking, understanding how factors at multiple socioecologic levels impact smoking and helping to inform paths to equitable reach and implementation of tobacco control interventions for all population groups are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.