Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37260350›Full record

SynthesisSchizophrenia bulletin2023

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Psychopathology and Social Functioning in Schizophrenia.

Rasmus Handest, Ida-Marie Molstrom, Mads Gram Henriksen, Carsten Hjorthøj, Julie Nordgaard

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
10.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Long-term diagnostic and social outcomes after first psychiatric hospitalization.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Rasmus HandestMental Health Center Amager, Copenhagen University Hospital, København V, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-3221-1860
Ida-Marie MolstromMental Health Center Amager, Copenhagen University Hospital, København V, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-3790-4989
Mads Gram HenriksenMental Health Center Amager, Copenhagen University Hospital, København V, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-2103-7318
Carsten HjorthøjCopenhagen Research Center for Mental Health-CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-6943-4785
Julie NordgaardMental Health Center Amager, Copenhagen University Hospital, København V, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-2492-9124
University of Copenhagen · DKAmager Hospital · DK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImpaired social functioning is a major, but under-elucidated area of schizophrenia. It's typically understood as consequential to, eg, negative symptoms, but meta-analyses on the subject have not examined psychopathology in a broader perspective and there's severe heterogeneity in outcome measures. To enhance functional recovery from schizophrenia, a more comprehensive understanding of the nature of social functioning in schizophrenia is needed. STUDY

designIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, PsycInfo, and Ovid Embase for studies providing an association between psychopathology and social functioning. Meta-analyses of the regression and correlation coefficients were performed to explore associations between social functioning and psychopathology, as well as associations between their subdomains. STUDY

resultsThirty-six studies with a total of 4742 patients were included. Overall social functioning was associated with overall psychopathology (95% CI [-0.63; -0.37]), positive symptoms (95% CI [-0.39; -0.25]), negative symptoms (95% CI [-0.61; -0.42]), disorganized symptoms (95% CI [-0.54; -0.14]), depressive symptoms (95% CI [-0.33; -0.11]), and general psychopathology (95% CI [-0.60; -0.43]). There was significant heterogeneity in the results, with I2 ranging from 52% to 92%.

conclusionsThis is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively examine associations between psychopathology and social functioning. The finding that all psychopathological subdomains seem to correlate with social functioning challenges the view that impaired social functioning in schizophrenia is mainly a result of negative symptoms. In line with classical psychopathological literature on schizophrenia, it may be more appropriate to consider impaired social functioning as a manifestation of the disorder itself.

Indexed as

SchizophreniaHumansOutcome Assessment, Health CarePsychopathologySocial AdjustmentSocial InteractionautismFunctional outcomerecoverysymptomatology

Identifiers

PMID37260350
PMCPMC10686359
OpenAlexW4378952597

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.