ArticlePloS one2023
The relationship between a plant-based diet and mental health: Evidence from a cross-sectional multicentric community trial (LIPOKAP study).
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Article
- Tea and coffee consumption in relation to depression and anxiety symptoms: findings from the multicentric LIPOKAP study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Plant-based dietary indices and mental health: a cross-sectional study of a middle- to older-aged population.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Plant-based diets and depression: epidemiological evidence, biological mechanisms, and implications for prevention.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Priority of nutrition and exercise in depression management: triangulating mini-review of past and recent evidence with clinical practice guidelines.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Review
- Plant-based diets especially healthy ones are negatively associated with depression: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Adherence to the Eat-Lancet diet and its association with depression and anxiety among Iranian adults: a cross-sectional multicentric study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- A healthful plant-based diet is associated with higher health-related quality of life among older adults independent of circulating CRP: a cross-sectional analysis from the Lifelines Cohort Study.Journal of nutritional science · 2025Article
- The role of nutrition and gut microbiome in childhood brain development and behavior.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Association between plant-based diets and depression in older adults with heart disease: the mediating role of sleep disturbances.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- The associations between plant-based dietary indices with depression and quality of life and insomnia among Iranian adolescent girls in 2015.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Plant-Based Diet Indices and Their Association with Frailty in Older Adults: A CLHLS-Based Cohort Study.Nutrients · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDietary patterns emphasizing plant foods might be neuroprotective and exert health benefits on mental health. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the association between a plant-based dietary index and mental health measures.
objectiveThis study sought to examine the association between plant-based dietary indices, depression and anxiety in a large multicentric sample of Iranian adults.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was performed in a sample of 2,033 participants. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate dietary intakes of participants. Three versions of PDI including an overall PDI, a healthy PDI (hPDI), and an unhealthy PDI (uPDI) were created. The presence of anxiety and depression was examined via a validated Iranian version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
resultsPDI and hPDI were not associated to depression and anxiety after adjustment for potential covariates (age, sex, energy, marital status, physical activity level and smoking). However, in the crude model, the highest consumption of uPDI approximately doubled the risk of depression (OR= 2.07, 95% CI: 1.49, 2.87; P<0.0001) and increased the risk of anxiety by almost 50% (OR= 1.56, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.14; P= 0.001). Adjustment for potential confounders just slightly changed the associations (OR for depression in the fourth quartile= 1.96; 95% CI: 1.34, 2.85, and OR for anxiety in the fourth quartile= 1.53; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.19).
conclusionsAn unhealthy plant-based dietary index is associated with a higher risk of depression and anxiety, while plant-based dietary index and healthy plant-based dietary index were not associated to depression and anxiety.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.