ArticleVeterinary medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2023
Viral Protein 1 (VP1) Sequence-Based Genetic Diversity of SAT 2 FMDV Circulating in Ethiopia from 1990 to 2015.
Article in Veterinary medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrated molecular, immunoinformatic, and structural analysis reveals emerging antigenic divergence of Foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O during the 2022-2023 outbreaks in Indonesia.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Conserved Linear Epitopes in the VP1 Protein of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype SAT2: Identification and Characterization.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of VP1 coding sequences of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes A, O, and SAT2 in Egypt.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Evolutionary and structural insights into VP1 epitopes of representative SAT-type FMDV strains: implications for candidate vaccine selection.Veterinary research · 2025Review
- VP1 region-based molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O from clinical cases in Haryana, India.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Foot-and-mouth disease: genomic and proteomic structure, antigenic sites, serotype relationships, immune evasion, recent vaccine development strategies, and future perspectives.Veterinary research · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Pathogen molecular epidemiology determines the origin of specific outbreaks locality of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype South African Territories-2 sequence-based analysis of highly variable Viral Protein 1 (VP1), which helps to identify the evolution of this virus through time and space. The objective of this study was to compare the differences between SAT-2 VP1 sequences of FMDV circulated in Ethiopia from 1990 to 2015 at the genetic level. Methods: The nucleotide and amino acid sequences were analyzed using Basic Local Alignment Search Tools (BLAST), Multiple sequence alignment and sequence editing and Phylogenetic tree reconstruction. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences alignment, distance matrix, and phylogenetic tree constructions were done using the MEGA 6.0 software package. Result and Discussion: In this analysis, we found 76% nucleotide identities and amino acid similarities among the sequences. The overall group mean distance at nucleotide level was 19% with a mean intra-population diversity of 2%. The lowest sequence variation was observed among sequences obtained from the years 2007/09/10, 2014/15, and 1990/91 which was less than 5% among them. This analysis revealed that in the last 25 years, four different topotypes of the FMDV SAT-2 were circulating in Ethiopia. The Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) amino acid (AA) motif at AA position 144-146 within the G-H loop of the VP1 protein of FMDV is conserved, but up- and downstream hyper-variable AA sequences are identified. In this study, it was observed that four topotypes (IV, XIV, XIII, and VII) were circulating in Ethiopia for 25 years. Further, compared with sequences from neighboring countries (Sudan, Kenya) confirmed the presence of these topotypes. Conclusion: Pertinent to this genetic diversity control strategies in Ethiopia should be based on having regular antigenic and genetic vaccine matching tests with the circulating strain within a defined period, space, transboundary nature of the disease and applying biosecurity measures.
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