ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2023
Associations of Race and Ethnicity with Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Decompensation, and Mortality in US Veterans with Cirrhosis.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- MELD and the Risk of Mortality Between Black and White Patients with Advanced Fibrosis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Antiviral treatment and statin use and risk of decompensated cirrhosis in patients with hepatitis C: a time-dependent analysis of a retrospective cohort study.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Etiology of cirrhosis is associated with risk of hepatic decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Disparities in liver transplantation for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.World journal of transplantation · 2025Article
- Ethnic Disparities in Extrahepatic Manifestations Among People With HCV Infection: A Population-Based Study in British Columbia.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Where Do Patients With Cirrhosis Die? A CDC WONDER Analysis From 1999 to 2020.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- Ethnic disparities in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and clinical outcomes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Clinical Significance and Remaining Issues of Anti-HBc Antibody and HBV Core-Related Antigen.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAmong patients with cirrhosis, it remains unclear whether there are racial/ethnic differences in cirrhosis complications and mortality. We examined the associations between race/ethnicity and risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cirrhosis decompensation, and all-cause mortality overall and by cirrhosis etiology.
methodsUS Veterans diagnosed with cirrhosis from 2001 to 2014 (n = 120,992), due to hepatitis C virus (HCV; n = 55,814), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD; n = 36,323), hepatitis B virus (HBV; n = 1,972), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; n = 17,789), or other (n = 9,094), were followed through 2020 for incident HCC (n = 10,242), cirrhosis decompensation (n = 27,887), and mortality (n = 81,441). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
resultsCompared with non-Hispanic White patients, Hispanic patients had higher risk for HCC overall (aHR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.24-1.41) and by cirrhosis etiology, particularly for ALD- (aHR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.42-1.87) and NAFLD-cirrhosis (aHR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.41-2.20), whereas non-Hispanic Black patients had lower HCC risk in ALD- (aHR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63-0.98) and NAFLD-cirrhosis (aHR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.33-0.89). Asian patients had higher HCC risk (aHR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.29-2.23), driven by HCV- and HBV-cirrhosis. Non-Hispanic Black patients had lower risk for cirrhosis decompensation overall (aHR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.68-0.74) and by cirrhosis etiology. There was lower risk for mortality among all other racial/ethnic groups compared with non-Hispanic White patients.
conclusionsRace/ethnicity is an important predictor for risk of developing HCC, decompensation, and mortality. IMPACT: Future research should examine factors underlying these racial/ethnic differences to inform prevention, screening, and treatment for patients with cirrhosis.
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