ReviewDrugs2023
Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy for the Treatment of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.
Review in Drugs, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The impact of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on ventricular arrhythmia in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: a meta analysis.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2026Pooled it
- Minimization or withdrawal of oral pharmacotherapy in chronic heart failure patients with improved myocardial function: A systematic review.European journal of heart failure · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of astragalus injection on left ventricular remodeling in HFmrEF: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Patient Perceptions of a Digitally Enabled Community Health Worker Intervention: Qualitative Study Among Pilot Trial Participants.JMIR cardio · 2026Trial
- The Effect of Vericiguat on Endothelial Function in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Pilot Randomized Study.The American journal of cardiology · 2026Trial
- Guideline directed-medical therapy for heart failure within 3 months post LVAD implant and rehospitalization.JHLT open · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Disease as a Risk Amplifier of COVID-19 Severity and a Potential Correlations to Long-Term Gastrointestinal Sequelae.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Utilization Patterns and Barriers to Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Prescription in Patients with Heart Failure: Real-World Evidence from Saudi Arabia.Cardiology and therapy · 2026Article
- Age-Related Patterns of Myocardial Recovery After Primary PCI for Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective 12-Month Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Heart Failure with Reduced and Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Network Interpretive Framework of Mechanisms, Phenotypes, and Therapeutic Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Initiation of eplerenone vs. spironolactone and all-cause mortality in HFrEF: linked database study.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Article
- Gaps in Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy for Heart Failure: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Underserved Population.Cureus · 2026Article
- Real-world evidence with dapagliflozin in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in Central Eastern Europe and the Baltic region (EVOLUTION-HF CEE-BA Study).ESC heart failure · 2026Observational
- Structured Functional Assessment Pathway and Pharmacological Optimization During Cardiovascular Rehabilitation in Chronic Heart Failure: A Retrospective Tertiary Center Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with pathogenic/likely pathogenic titin variants from the Swiss Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Registry.Open heart · 2026Observational
- Practical Guidance on Implementation of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in the Management of Heart Failure: Expert Opinion From the Middle East and Africa Region.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Review
- Targeting the metabolic fingerprint of amino acids to identify novel metabolic characteristics in osteosarcoma patients undergoing anthracycline treatment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure: Uncovering Therapeutic Targets in the Atrial Substrate.Current heart failure reports · 2026Review
- Multiple trait association analysis revealed common genetic loci between lung cancer and heart failure.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalized for heart failure: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) is the cornerstone of pharmacological therapy for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and consists of the four main drug classes: renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, evidence-based β-blockers, mineralocorticoid inhibitors and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors. The recommendation for use of GDMT is based on the results of multiple major randomized controlled trials demonstrating improved clinical outcomes in patients with HFrEF who are maintained on this therapy. The effect is most beneficial when medications from the four main drug classes are used in conjunction. Despite this, there is an underutilization of GDMT, partially due to lack of awareness of how to safely and effectively initiate and titrate these medications. In this review article, we describe the different drug classes included in GDMT and offer an approach to initiation and effective titration in both the inpatient as well as outpatient setting.
Indexed as
Identifiers
37254024What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.