ArticleScientific reports2023
Investigation of variables affecting the immunogenicity of blood group antigens using a calculation formula.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Red cell alloantibodies in 71,525 Malaysian blood donations: Predominance of anti-Mia reflects GP.Mur-associated antigenic diversity.Vox sanguinis · 2026Article
- Identification of feline erythrocyte antigen 6 and lack of alloimmunization to feline erythrocyte antigen 4 in cats.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous studies on the immunogenicity of blood group antigens have utilized a formula incorporating antigen frequencies and relative frequencies of unexpected antibodies to the corresponding antigens. This study was aimed at investigating other variables potentially affecting the estimation of immunogenicity using this formula. We examined the effect of multiple transfusions, as there are more chance for a recipient to receive repeated transfusions rather than only once; the effect of antigen density, which may vary depending on homozygote/heterozygote; and the effect of unreliability of the observed frequency of rare antibodies and antigens. For multiple transfusions, the expected antibody frequency increased as the number of transfusions increased. For antigen density, the immunogenicity was falsely low for the low-prevalence antigen, and this tendency intensified as the effect of antigen density increased. Expected antibody frequencies were significantly affected by the uncertainties caused by estimation of small numbers. This study showed that the effects of various factors on the immunogenicity of blood group antigens depended on the antigen frequency. Estimating the immunogenicity of blood group antigens requires acknowledging the diverse factors that can affect it and interpreting the findings with caution.
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