ArticleRespiratory care2023
In Vitro Model for Analysis of High-Flow Aerosol Delivery During Continuous Nebulization.
Article in Respiratory care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Vivo Deposition of High-Flow Nasal Aerosols Using Breath-Enhanced Nebulization.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Personalized Nasal Protective Devices: Importance and Perspectives.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Enhanced Aerosol Delivery During High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy.Respiratory care · 2023Article
- Innovation in Drug Delivery Through High-Flow Nasal Cannula Systems and Its Evaluation.Respiratory care · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo understand the fate of aerosols delivered by high-flow nasal cannula using continuous nebulization, an open-source anatomical model was developed and validated with a modified real-time gamma ratemeter technique. Mass balance defined circuit losses. Responsiveness to infusion rate and device technology were tested.
methodsA nasal airway cast derived from a computed tomography scan was converted to a 3-dimensional-printed head and face structure connected to a piston ventilator (breathing frequency 30 breaths/min, tidal volume 750 mL, duty cycle 0.50). For mass balance experiments, saline mixed with Technetium-99m was infused for 1 h. Aerosol delivery was measured using a gamma ratemeter oriented to an inhaled mass filter at the hypopharynx of the model. Background and dead-space effects were minimized. All components were imaged by scintigraphy. Continuous nebulization was tested at infusion rates of 10-40 mL/h with gas flow of 60 L/min using a breath-enhanced jet nebulizer (BEJN), and a vibrating mesh nebulizer. Drug delivery rates were defined by the slope of ratemeter counts/min (CPM/min) versus time (min).
resultsThe major source of aerosol loss was at the nasal interface (∼25%). Significant differences in deposition on circuit components were seen between nebulizers. The nebulizer residual was higher for BEJN (
conclusionsThe model defined sites of aerosol losses during continuous nebulization and provided a realistic in vitro system for testing aerosol delivery during continuous nebulization. Real-time analysis can quantify effects of multiple changes in variables (nebulizer technology, infusion rate, gas flow, and ventilation) during a given experiment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.