ReviewEndocrine reviews2023
Treating the Side Effects of Exogenous Glucocorticoids; Can We Separate the Good From the Bad?
Review in Endocrine reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical Exercise as an Adjuvant to Glucocorticoid Therapy: Clinical Recommendations and Evidence Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of Metformin in Prevention of Glucocorticoid-Induced Hyperglycemia in Patients Without Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Mortality risk and causes of death in exogenous Cushing's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Glucocorticoid treatment and new-onset hyperglycaemia and diabetes in people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Pooled it
- Prednisone, not vamorolone, suppresses novel serum bone and cartilage biomarkers associated with growth failure in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Short-term Metformin Protects Against Glucocorticoid-Induced Toxicity in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Diabetes care · 2025 · on this mapTrial
- Rare causes of exogenous Cushing's Syndrome: a challenge for endocrinologists.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Glucocorticoids: an enemy or a friend for the dermatologist? recommendations for proper use and safe discontinuation.Endocrine · 2026Review
- Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators (SEGRAMs): Can They Improve the Therapeutic Index of Steroid Therapy?Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Review
- [The effects of methylprednisolone pulse therapy on glucose metabolism parameters in children with autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases].Problemy endokrinologii · 2026Article
- In Silico Identification of Novel Leads as Potential DPP-IV Inhibitors as Antidiabetic Agents Using Virtual Screening.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Gut-derived hyodeoxycholate reprograms the spleen-eye immunometabolic axis to suppress autoimmune uveitis.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Pharmacological assessment of drugs retained in the 1Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Probiotics in asthma: immunoregulatory mechanisms and emerging opportunities for respiratory delivery-a narrative review.Translational pediatrics · 2026Review
- Article
- Review
- Immune Cell Causality and Glucocorticoid Trade-Off in Frozen Shoulder: Integrative MR-RNA-Seq Analysis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- The Development of Four-Arm PEG-Based Thermoresponsive Dexamethasone Prodrugs for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Pain.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Targeting the neuropilin 1/interferon γ axis restores glucocorticoid-suppressed T cell function and rescues bone formation to prevent steroid-induced osteonecrosis.Bone & joint research · 2026Article
- Corticosteroids in asthma and COPD: an inflammopharmacological perspective on molecular and genetic determinants.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It is estimated that 2% to 3% of the population are currently prescribed systemic or topical glucocorticoid treatment. The potent anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids to deliver therapeutic benefit is not in doubt. However, the side effects associated with their use, including central weight gain, hypertension, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and osteoporosis, often collectively termed iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome, are associated with a significant health and economic burden. The precise cellular mechanisms underpinning the differential action of glucocorticoids to drive the desirable and undesirable effects are still not completely understood. Faced with the unmet clinical need to limit glucocorticoid-induced adverse effects alongside ensuring the preservation of anti-inflammatory actions, several strategies have been pursued. The coprescription of existing licensed drugs to treat incident adverse effects can be effective, but data examining the prevention of adverse effects are limited. Novel selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists and selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators have been designed that aim to specifically and selectively activate anti-inflammatory responses based upon their interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor. Several of these compounds are currently in clinical trials to evaluate their efficacy. More recently, strategies exploiting tissue-specific glucocorticoid metabolism through the isoforms of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase has shown early potential, although data from clinical trials are limited. The aim of any treatment is to maximize benefit while minimizing risk, and within this review we define the adverse effect profile associated with glucocorticoid use and evaluate current and developing strategies that aim to limit side effects but preserve desirable therapeutic efficacy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.