ArticleCureus2023
A Case Study Demonstrating Applications of ChatGPT in the Clinical Management of Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Large Language Models for Chatbot Health Advice Studies: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Testing and Evaluation of Health Care Applications of Large Language Models: A Systematic Review.JAMA · 2025Pooled it
- Use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in psychiatry and mental health care: a systematic review.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2024Pooled it
- Applications and Concerns of ChatGPT and Other Conversational Large Language Models in Health Care: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- The Digital Mirror: Clinical Potentials and Relational Risks of Generative AI in Mental Health Interventions.Current psychiatry reports · 2026Review
- The Evolution of Machine Learning in Medicinal Chemistry: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- The Use of Artificial Intelligence for Personalized Treatment in Psychiatry.Current psychiatry reports · 2025Review
- ChatGPT Clinical Use in Mental Health Care: Scoping Review of Empirical Evidence.JMIR mental health · 2025Article
- The paradox of agency in psychotherapy: How people with mental distress experience support from generative AI chatbots and human therapists.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Practitioner Perspectives on the Uses of Generative AI Chatbots in Mental Health Care: Mixed Methods Study.JMIR human factors · 2025Article
- Article
- Clinical applications of large language models in medicine and surgery: A scoping review.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
- Patients prefer human psychiatrists over chatbots: a cross-sectional study.Croatian medical journal · 2025Article
- Opportunities and Barriers of Generative Artificial Intelligence in the Training of Psychiatrists: A Competencies-Based Perspective.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2025Article
- Evaluating Sex and Age Biases in Multimodal Large Language Models for Skin Disease Identification from Dermatoscopic Images.Health data science · 2025Article
- Article
- Qualitative metrics from the biomedical literature for evaluating large language models in clinical decision-making: a narrative review.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2024Review
- Large language models outperform mental and medical health care professionals in identifying obsessive-compulsive disorder.NPJ digital medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- A Systematic Review of ChatGPT and Other Conversational Large Language Models in Healthcare.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer, also known as ChatGPT, is a new artificial intelligence (AI) program that responds to user inquiry with discourse resembling human language. The range of ChatGPT capabilities caught the interest of the medical world after it demonstrated its ability to pass medical boards examinations. In this case report, we present the clinical treatment of a 22-year-old male diagnosed with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) and compare the medical management suggested by ChatGPT to current standards of care in order to assess the program's ability to identify the disorder, evaluate potential medical and psychiatric work-up, and develop a treatment plan addressing the distinct nuances of our patient. In our inquiry with ChatGPT, we found that it can accurately identify our patient as having TRS and order appropriate tests to methodically rule out alternative causes of acute psychosis. Furthermore, the AI program suggests pharmacologic treatment options including clozapine with adjuvant medications, and nonpharmacologic treatment options including electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and psychotherapy which align with current standards of care. Lastly, ChatGPT provides a comprehensive list of side effects associated with antipsychotics and mood stabilizers used to treat TRS. We found both potential for and limitations in the clinical application of ChatGPT to assist in the assessment and management of complex medical conditions. Overall, ChatGPT may serve as a powerful tool to organize medical data in a meaningful and palatable format for medical professionals to reference during patient care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.