ReviewNeuropsychiatric disease and treatment2023
Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: Current Perspectives.
Review in Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07718958 (BIOMA-PANS - Diagnostic and Treatment-response BIOMArkers in Children and Adolescents With PANS), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
BIOMA-PANS - Diagnostic and Treatment-response BIOMArkers in Children and Adolescents With PANS (Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome)
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines on the Use of Therapeutic Apheresis in Clinical Practice-Evidence-Based Approach From the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: The Tenth Special Issue.Journal of clinical apheresis · 2026Guideline
- Medicinal cannabis plant extract (NTI164) modifies epigenetic, ribosomal, and immune pathways in paediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Trial
- Does C1 esterase inhibitor play a role in post COVID-19 neurological symptoms? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, proof-of-concept study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Trial
- Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS): Autoimmune Mechanisms, Diagnostic Controversies, and Therapeutic Implications.Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health · 2026Article
- Th17 effector cytokines induce shared and distinct microglial and endothelial cell responses in a mouse model for post-streptococcal encephalitis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Infection-Associated Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: A Review of Immunological Mechanisms, Clinical Phenotypes, and Therapeutic Strategies.Infectious disease reports · 2026Review
- The Lived Experience and Psychosocial Impact of Caring for a Child with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS): A Mixed Methods Systematic Review.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Review
- Antibody Profiles in Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Comparing the Metabolic Profile of Patients Affected by Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome PANS and Tourette Syndrome: Preliminary Data.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Proneness to infections and familial risk of tic disorders.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Recommended Medical Investigations in Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Th17 effector cytokines induce shared and distinct microglial and endothelial cell responses in post-streptococcal encephalitis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Immune dysregulation in pediatric tic disorders: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic frontiers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Sex-associated and disease state-dependent monocyte polarization and CNS-trafficking phenotypes in pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS).Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Microbiota Gut-Brain Axis and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The Immune/Inflammatory Underpinnings of Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Validation of Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS)-Related Pediatric Treatment Evaluation Checklist (PTEC).Pediatric reports · 2025Article
- Natural History of NAA15 -Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder Through Adolescence.American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2025Article
- Neurological Soft Signs at Presentation in Patients With Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Mushrooms, Microdosing, and Mental Illness: The Effect of Psilocybin on Neurotransmitters, Neuroinflammation, and Neuroplasticity.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) features a heterogeneous constellation of acute obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), eating restriction, cognitive, behavioral and/or affective symptoms, often followed by a chronic course with cognitive deterioration. An immune-mediated etiology is advocated in which the CNS is hit by different pathogen-driven (auto)immune responses. This narrative review focused on recent clinical (ie, diagnostic criteria, pre-existing neurodevelopmental disorders, neuroimaging) and pathophysiological (ie, CSF, serum, genetic and autoimmune findings) aspects of PANS. We also summarized recent points to facilitate practitioners with the disease management. Relevant literature was obtained from PubMed database which included only English-written, full-text clinical studies, case reports, and reviews. Among a total of 1005 articles, 205 were pertinent to study inclusion. Expert opinions are converging on PANS as the effect of post-infectious events or stressors leading to "brain inflammation", as it is well-established for anti-neuronal psychosis. Interestingly, differentiating PANS from either autoimmune encephalitides and Sydenham's chorea or from alleged "pure" psychiatric disorders (OCD, tics, Tourette's syndrome), reveals several overlaps and more analogies than differences. Our review highlights the need for a comprehensive algorithm to help both patients during their acute distressing phase and physicians during their treatment decision. A full agreement on the hierarchy of each therapeutical intervention is missing owing to the limited number of randomized controlled trials. The current approach to PANS treatment emphasizes immunomodulation/anti-inflammatory treatments in association with both psychotropic and cognitive-behavioral therapies, while antibiotics are suggested when an active bacterial infection is established. A dimensional view, taking into account the multifactorial origin of psychiatric disorders, should suggest neuro-inflammation as a possible shared substrate of different psychiatric phenotypes. Hence, PANS and PANS-related disorders should be considered as a conceptual framework describing the etiological and phenotypical complexity of many psychiatric disorders.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.