ArticleJournal of diabetes and metabolic disorders2023
Interviews with Indigenous Māori with type 1 diabetes using open-source automated insulin delivery in the CREATE randomised trial.
Article in Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Patient experiences of continuous glucose monitoring and sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy for diabetes: A systematic review of qualitative studies.Journal of diabetes · 2023Pooled it
- Experiences of Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Using Digital Health Technology for Diabetes Self-Care: Qualitative Study.JMIR diabetes · 2026Article
- Disparities in access to and use of diabetes technologies and therapeutics: a narrative review.Diabetologia · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
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Abstract
Purpose: Open-source automated insulin delivery (AID) is used by thousands of people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), but has unknown generalisability to marginalised ethnic groups. This study explored experiences of Indigenous Māori participants in the CREATE trial with use of an open-source AID system to identify enablers/barriers to health equity. Methods: The CREATE randomised trial compared open-source AID (OpenAPS algorithm on an Android phone with a Bluetooth-connected pump) to sensor-augmented pump therapy. Kaupapa Māori Research methodology was used in this sub-study. Ten semi-structured interviews with Māori participants (5 children, 5 adults) and whānau (extended family) were completed. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data were analysed thematically. NVivo was used for descriptive and pattern coding. Results: Enablers/barriers to equity aligned with four themes: access (to diabetes technologies), training/support, operation (of open-source AID), and outcomes. Participants described a sense of empowerment, and improved quality of life, wellbeing, and glycaemia. Parents felt reassured by the system's ability to control glucose, and children were granted greater independence. Participants were able to use the open-source AID system with ease to suit whānau needs, and technical problems were manageable with healthcare professional support. All participants identified structures in the health system precluding equitable utilisation of diabetes technologies for Māori. Conclusion: Māori experienced open-source AID positively, and aspired to use this therapy; however, structural and socio-economic barriers to equity were identified. This research proposes strength-based solutions which should be considered in the redesign of diabetes services to improve health outcomes for Māori with T1D. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01215-3.
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