ReviewJournal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology
Early total care to early appropriate care - What every anesthesiologist must know!
Review in Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neutrophil phenotyping reflects injury severity when base excess and lactate remain normal.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026Article
- Caught in the Crossroads: Damage Control Orthopedics versus Early Total Care for Polytrauma in the Indian Scenario.Annals of African medicine · 2026Review
- Advances and uncertainties in fat embolism syndrome: a review.Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2026Review
- Early Prediction of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Critically Ill Polytrauma Patients Using Balanced Random Forest ML: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Girl with Multiple Fractures: A Unique Case of Polytrauma.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2025Article
- The "Bergamo Approach" for Pediatric and Adolescent Polytrauma-A One-Center Experience.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Time-related predictors for adverse events in polytrauma patients undergoing stand-alone definitive surgery.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2025Article
- Sex-Specific Differences in Sepsis Development in Polytrauma Patients Undergoing Stand-Alone Definitive Surgery.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Orthopedic trauma is one of the commonest injuries necessitating surgical intervention in a trauma patient. The management protocols in such severely injured orthopedic patients have evolved from conservative treatment to 'early total care' (ETC) to 'damage control orthopedics' (DCO) and recently to 'early appropriate care' (EAC)/'safe definitive surgery' (SDS). 'DCO' involves emergent, basic minimum life- or limb-saving surgery with continued resuscitation and definitive fixation of fractures being done later, once the patient has been resuscitated and stabilized. An insight into the immunological processes at a molecular level evoked in a poly-traumatized patient led to the evolution of the 'two-hit theory;' 'first hit' being the injury itself while the 'second hit' caused by the surgical trauma. As the 'two-hit theory' gained popularity, it led to a delay of definitive surgery for 2-5 days following trauma, since a higher complication rate was observed following definitive surgery within the first 5 days of the injury. This is a review article on the historical perspectives of DCO, immunological mechanisms involved, and various injuries requiring damage control approach or EAC/ETC and their anesthetic management.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.