First Report on Novel Psychrotrophic Phosphorus-Solubilizing Ochrobactrum thiophenivorans EU-KL94 from Keylong Region in Great Himalayas and Their Role in Plant Growth Promotion of Oats (Avena sativa L.).

Cold stress leads to the disruption of the cellular homeostasis in plants and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and productivity losses. In the present study, 94 psychrotrophic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria with multiple plant growth-promoting (PGP) capabilities were isolated from rhizosphere of wheat. The most efficient strain EU-KL94 showing highest amount of solubilized phosphorus and maximum number of PGP attributes was identified using 16S rRNA sequencing as Ochrobactrum thiophenivorans. Ochrobactrum thiophenivorans EU-KL94 along with recommended doses of the chemical fertilizers as controls were used for alleviation of cold stress in oats. The strain improved the root and shoot length, dry and fresh weight, proline, glycine betaine, chlorophyll content as well as the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities of oats under cold stress conditions. Ochrobactrum thiophenivorans with all promising plant growth activities under cold stress could be used as an environmental friendly strategy for mitigation of low temperature stress. To the best of our knowledge, Ochrobactrum thiophenivorans has been reported for the first time as P-solubilizer and as bioinoculants in oats for cold stress mitigation.