ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2023
Economic factors underlying biodiversity loss.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- A golden opportunity: Corporate sustainability reporting as a key lever to address nature-related risks.Ambio · 2026Article
- Global literature review and survey of implementation constraints on natural climate solutions.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A systems approach to sustainable finance: Actors, influence mechanisms, and potentially virtuous cycles of sustainability.iScience · 2025Review
- Managing and mitigating future public health risks: Planetary boundaries, global catastrophic risk, and inclusive wealth.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2025Article
- The path to scientifically sound biodiversity valuation in the context of the Global Biodiversity Framework.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Earth at risk: An urgent call to end the age of destruction and forge a just and sustainable future.PNAS nexus · 2024Review
- Assessment and Optimization of the Insecticidal Properties of γ-AlMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Rituals as Nature-Based Governance of reciprocity between people and nature.Open research Europe · 2024Article
- Detecting and attributing the causes of biodiversity change: needs, gaps and solutions.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Theory and application of an improved species richness estimator.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Monitoring biodiversity loss in rapidly changing Afrotropical ecosystems: an emerging imperative for governance and research.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Looking back on biodiversity change: lessons for the road ahead.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- A framework for the detection and attribution of biodiversity change.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Perspective: sustainability challenges, opportunities and solutions for long-term ecosystem observations.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Contemporary economic thinking does not acknowledge that the human economy is embedded in Nature; it instead treats humanity as a customer that draws on Nature. In this paper, we present a grammar for economic reasoning that is not built on that error. The grammar is based on a comparison between our demand for Nature's maintenance and regulating services and her ability to supply them on a sustainable basis. The comparison is then used to show that for measuring economic well-being, national statistical offices should estimate an inclusive measure of their economies' wealth and its distribution, not GDP and its distribution. The concept of 'inclusive wealth' is then used to identify policy instruments that ought to be used to manage such global public goods as the open seas and tropical rainforests. Trade liberalization without heed paid to the fate of local ecosystems from which primary products are drawn and exported by developing countries leads to a transfer of inclusive wealth from there to rich importing countries. Humanity's embeddedness in Nature has far-reaching implications for the way we should view human activities-in households, communities, nations and the world. This article is part of the theme issue 'Detecting and attributing the causes of biodiversity change: needs, gaps and solutions'.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.