ArticleScientific reports2023
The brain regulatory program predates central nervous system evolution.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revisiting nerve nets: functional organization and evolutionary implications.The EMBO journal · 2026Review
- NvashA function reveals temporal differences in neural subtype generation in cnidarians.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Early nervous system development in the chaetognathFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Anterior-posterior patterning in the chaetognath Spadella cephaloptera informs bilaterian nervous system and tail evolution.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Whole body regeneration deploys a rewired embryonic gene regulatory network logic.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The ancient dialogue between brain and body.Current biology : CB · 2025Article
- Antero-posterior patterning in the brittle star Amphipholis squamata and the evolution of echinoderm body plans.EvoDevo · 2025Article
- Exploring the relationship between physical activity and Inhibitory Function in College Students with depressive symptoms through EEG.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Acoel nervous system: morphology and development.Neural development · 2024Review
- Gene Regulatory Network that Shaped the Evolution of Larval Apical Organ in Cnidaria.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization as a Tool for Studying the Specification and Differentiation of Cell Types in Nematostella vectensis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding how brains evolved is critical to determine the origin(s) of centralized nervous systems. Brains are patterned along their anteroposterior axis by stripes of gene expression that appear to be conserved, suggesting brains are homologous. However, the striped expression is also part of the deeply conserved anteroposterior axial program. An emerging hypothesis is that similarities in brain patterning are convergent, arising through the repeated co-option of axial programs. To resolve whether shared brain neuronal programs likely reflect convergence or homology, we investigated the evolution of axial programs in neurogenesis. We show that the bilaterian anteroposterior program patterns the nerve net of the cnidarian Nematostella along the oral-aboral axis arguing that anteroposterior programs regionalized developing nervous systems in the cnidarian-bilaterian common ancestor prior to the emergence of brains. This finding rejects shared patterning as sufficient evidence to support brain homology and provides functional support for the plausibility that axial programs could be co-opted if nervous systems centralized in multiple lineages.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.