ArticleArchives of gynecology and obstetrics2023
Th2/Th17 cell associated cytokines found in seroma fluids after breast cancer surgery.
Article in Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of retromuscular drain output and postoperative outcomes for heavyweight versus mediumweight polypropylene mesh following open ventral hernia repair.Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery · 2024Trial
- Postoperative wound microenvironment regulates breast cancer stem cell fate and clinical implications.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Electronic health record mining reveals effects of patient immune status on clinical outcomes of biomaterial implantation following skeletal muscle damage.Biomaterials science · 2026Article
- Electronic health record mining reveals effects of patient immune status on clinical outcomes of biomaterial implantation following skeletal muscle damage.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Macrophage polarization is associated with postoperative seroma development in breast cancer in the SerMa pilot cohort.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- The advance on pathophysiological mechanisms of type 2 chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Canine mammary tumors as a promising adjunct preclinical model for human breast cancer research: similarities, opportunities, and challenges.Archives of pharmacal research · 2025Review
- Role of Th2, Th17 and Treg Cells and relevant cytokines in pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2024Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe development of a seroma after breast cancer surgery is a common postoperative complication seen after simple mastectomy and axillary surgery. We could recently demonstrate that breast cancer patients undergoing a simple mastectomy with subsequent seroma formation developed a T-helper cell increase within the aspirated fluid measured by flow cytometry. The same study revealed a Th2 and/or a Th17 immune response in peripheral blood and seroma fluid of the same patient. Based on these results and within the same study population, we now analyzed the Th2/Th17 cell associated cytokine content as well as the best known clinical important cytokine IL-6.
methodsMultiplex cytokine measurements (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-22) were done on 34 seroma fluids (Sf) after fine needle aspiration of patients who developed a seroma after a simple mastectomy. Serum of the same patient (Sp) and that of healthy volunteers (Sc) were used as controls.
resultsWe found the Sf to be highly cytokine rich. Almost all analyzed cytokines were significantly higher in abundance in the Sf compared to Sp and Sc, especially IL-6, which promotes Th17 differentiation as well as suppresses Th1 differentiation in favor of Th2 development.
conclusionOur Sf cytokine measurements reflect a local immune event. In contrast, former study results on T-helper cell populations in both Sf and Sp tend to demonstrate a systemic immune process.
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