ReviewViruses2023
Hepatitis B Core Antibody Level: A Surrogate Marker for Host Antiviral Immunity in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infections.
Review in Viruses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of low-level viremia in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- HBV biomarkers outperform host genetic variants in distinguishing occult HBV infection from chronic carriers.iScience · 2026Article
- Population immunity to hepatitis B virus and infection marker seroprevalence in Belgrade, Serbia.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Association of baseline HBcAg and HBV DNA with persistent detectability of HBV RNA during NA therapy.PloS one · 2026Article
- The clinical significance and optimization strategies of HBeAg seroclearance in chronic hepatitis B treatment.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Normal ALT masks occult liver injury in young chronic hepatitis B patients: a call for early treatment intervention.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Depression and medication adherence among chronic hepatitis B patients receiving resilience-based care versus standard care during antiviral therapy: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Immunological characterization of hepatitis B core antigen antibody among vaccinated adults lacking hepatitis B surface antigen in ethiopia: A multicenter facility-based study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Mutational landscape of the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- To Switch or not to Switch to Long-acting Injectable Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine in PWH With Past Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Coinfection: Which HBV Markers to Manage Risk of HBV Reactivation?Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A critical review of diagnostic and prognostic markers of chronic hepatitis B infection.Medical review (2021) · 2024Review
- Quantitative hepatitis B core antibody and quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen: Novel viral biomarkers for chronic hepatitis B management.World journal of hepatology · 2024Review
- Overview of the immunological mechanisms in hepatitis B virus reactivation: Implications for disease progression and management strategies.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus core protein (HBcAg) is a highly immunogenic particulate antigen. Nearly all patients with persistent or resolved hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection show seropositivity for hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc), which appears in the early stage of infection and is mostly present for life. Traditionally, the anti-HBc is regarded as an evidential serological marker of HBV infections. In the last ten years, several studies revealed the predictive value of quantitative anti-HBc (qAnti-HBc) level in the treatment response and clinical outcome of chronic HBV infections, implying new insights into this classic marker. Overall, qAnti-HBc should be regarded as an indicator of the host's immune response specific to HBV, which correlates with HBV-related hepatitis activity and liver pathology. This review summarized the latest understanding of the clinical values of qAnti-HBc for differentiating the CHB phase, predicting treatment response, and providing disease prognosis. Moreover, we also discussed the possible mechanism of qAnti-HBc regulation during different courses of HBV infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.