ReviewViruses2023
Virus-like Particle Vaccines and Platforms for Vaccine Development.
Review in Viruses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- A first-in-human Phase 1/1b randomized trial evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) virus-like particle subunit vaccine (IVX-121) in healthy young and older adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Trial
- Roles of the M2 protein of influenza A virus.Virus genes · 2026Review
- From human allergen immunotherapy to veterinary prophylactic vaccines: translational potential of Microcrystalline tyrosine as a vaccine adjuvant.Veterinary research communications · 2026Review
- Footprint metabolomic profile shift of Sf9 insect cell line throughout growth and rabies VLP production.Bioprocess and biosystems engineering · 2026Article
- Self-adjuvanting Ebola virus-like particles that incorporate a cellular interferon-inducing domain.Research square · 2026Article
- Virus-like Particles Derived from Bacteriophage Beihai32 as a Versatile Carrier for Displaying Large Peptide Antigens.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Smart nanoparticle vaccines integrate nanotechnology artificial intelligence and immunoengineering for precision immunization.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Surface-Functionalization of PP7 Virus-Like Particles with Spytag for Bioconjugation Applications.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Article
- Virus-like particles in cancer immunotherapy: bridging human and veterinary medicine through one health.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Identification of Conserved Cross-Reactive B-Cell Epitopes in CPV1 and CPV2 L1 Proteins with Vaccine Potential.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Article
- From legacy to innovation: A comprehensive review of vaccine platforms against viral infections.Virus research · 2026Review
- Application and Research Progress of Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles in Vaccine Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Immunization with Herpes Simplex Virus Nanoparticles Targeting Both Attachment and Fusion Protect Against Infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus type 2 and long-lasting protection conferred by a VLP-based vaccine.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Surface-bioengineering of bacteriophage AP205 and MS2 virus-like particles with novel Spytag003 for antigen conjugation.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Virus Biomimetic-Delivery Systems for the Production of Vaccines.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Opportunities and Challenges of mRNA and VLP Technologies for Pan-Flavivirus Vaccine Development: Focus on Conserved Quaternary Epitope Conformations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Protection AgainstPharmaceutics · 2026Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) have gained a lot of interest within the past two decades. The use of VLP-based vaccines to protect against three infectious agents-hepatitis B virus, human papillomavirus, and hepatitis E virus-has been approved; they are very efficacious and offer long-lasting immune responses. Besides these, VLPs from other viral infectious agents (that infect humans, animals, plants, and bacteria) are under development. These VLPs, especially those from human and animal viruses, serve as stand-alone vaccines to protect against viruses from which the VLPs were derived. Additionally, VLPs, including those derived from plant and bacterial viruses, serve as platforms upon which to display foreign peptide antigens from other infectious agents or metabolic diseases such as cancer, i.e., they can be used to develop chimeric VLPs. The goal of chimeric VLPs is to enhance the immunogenicity of foreign peptides displayed on VLPs and not necessarily the platforms. This review provides a summary of VLP vaccines for human and veterinary use that have been approved and those that are under development. Furthermore, this review summarizes chimeric VLP vaccines that have been developed and tested in pre-clinical studies. Finally, the review concludes with a snapshot of the advantages of VLP-based vaccines such as hybrid/mosaic VLPs over conventional vaccine approaches such as live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.