ArticleVaccines2023
Effects of Electrochemotherapy on Immunologically Important Modifications in Tumor Cells.
Article in Vaccines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Evolving Role of Intralesional Therapy in In-Transit Melanoma.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Early effects of ionizing radiation on molecular modifications and hallmarks of Immunogenic cell death in mouse tumor cells.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Electricity-Based Locoregional Cancer Therapies and Their Associated Drug Delivery Technologies: From Principles of Action to Clinical Implications.Biomaterials research · 2026Review
- Potentiation of Electrochemotherapy by Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy in Murine Tumors with Distinct Immune Profiles.Cancers · 2025Article
- Importance of the timing of combined electrochemotherapy and immunotherapy in the treatment of advanced melanoma.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2025Article
- Article
- In Vitro Evaluation of Electrochemotherapy Combined with Sotorasib in Pancreatic Carcinoma Cell Lines Harboring DistinctInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Long-term outcomes of reduced-dose bleomycin in electrochemotherapy for basal cell carcinoma in elderly patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Tumor ablation in children.Pediatric radiology · 2025Review
- Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin, oxaliplatin, or cisplatin in mouse tumor models, from tumor ablation toFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Clinical Insights and Future Prospects: A Comprehensive Narrative Review on Immunomodulation Induced by Electrochemotherapy.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- The equivalence of different types of electric pulses for electrochemotherapy with cisplatin - anRadiology and oncology · 2024Article
- Irreversible electroporation promotes a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment and anti-tumor immunity in a mouse pancreatic cancer model.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for the treatment of vascular malformations. An International Network for Sharing Practices on Electrochemotherapy (InspECT) study group report.Radiology and oncology · 2023Review
- Electrochemotherapy combined with immunotherapy - a promising potential in the treatment of cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a clinically acknowledged method that combines the use of anticancer drugs and electrical pulses. Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin (BLM) can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in certain settings. However, whether this is ubiquitous over different cancer types and for other clinically relevant chemotherapeutics used with electrochemotherapy is unknown. Here, we evaluated in vitro in the B16-F10, 4T1 and CT26 murine tumor cell lines, the electrochemotherapy triggered changes in the ICD-associated damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs): Calreticulin (CRT), ATP, High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), and four immunologically important cellular markers: MHCI, MHC II, PD-L1 and CD40. The changes in these markers were investigated in time up to 48 h after ECT. We showed that electrochemotherapy with all three tested chemotherapeutics induced ICD-associated DAMPs, but the induced DAMP signature was cell line and chemotherapeutic concentration specific. Similarly, electrochemotherapy with CDDP, OXA or BLM modified the expression of MHC I, MHC II, PD-L1 and CD40. The potential of electrochemotherapy to change their expression was also cell line and chemotherapeutic concentration specific. Our results thus put the electrochemotherapy with clinically relevant chemotherapeutics CDDP, OXA and BLM on the map of ICD inducing therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.