ReviewPolymers2023
Dental Materials Applied to 3D and 4D Printing Technologies: A Review.
Review in Polymers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Three-Dimensional Printed Materials for Definitive Ceramic and Resin Restorations: A Scoping Review.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Corrosion Behavior and Ion Release of Co-Cr Dental Alloys Fabricated by Casting, CAD/CAM, SLM and DMLS: Influence of Manufacturing Route and Microstructure.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Three-Dimensional Printing in Dentistry: Evolution, Technologies, and Clinical Application.Polymers · 2026Review
- The property of a root-extended Ti-6Al-4V endocrown utilizing 3D printing for a four-wall defect in endodontically treated molars: An in vitro study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Additive manufacturing for Dentistry: A comprehensive review of techniques and applications.Progress in materials science · 2026Article
- Transforming Dental Care, Practice and Education with Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing: Innovations in Materials, Technologies, and Future Pathways.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
- Metal Oxide-Functionalized Photopolymers: A Perspective in 3D Printing.ACS polymers Au · 2025Review
- Digital Technologies in Implantology: A Narrative Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Biomimetic Additive Manufacturing: Engineering Complexity Inspired by Nature's Simplicity.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Urethane Macromonomers: Key Components for the Development of Light-Cured High-Impact Denture Bases.Polymers · 2025Article
- Three-Dimensional Printing Resin-Based Dental Provisional Crowns and Bridges: Recent Progress in Properties, Applications, and Perspectives.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A comprehensive narrative review exploring the current landscape of digital complete denture technology and advancements.Heliyon · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Internal and Marginal Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Laminates Using DLP Printing and Milling Methods.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- Three-Dimensionally-Printed Polymer and Composite Materials for Dental Applications with Focus on Orthodontics.Polymers · 2024Review
- Influence of various cleaning solutions on the geometry, roughness, gloss, hardness, and flexural strength of 3D-printed zirconia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Applications of 3D-Printing Technology in Prosthodontics: A Review of the Current Literature.Cureus · 2024Review
- Mechanical and Material Analysis of 3D-Printed Temporary Materials for Implant Reconstructions-A Pilot Study.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies have matured, three-dimensional (3D) printing materials suitable for dentistry have attracted considerable research interest, owing to their high efficiency and low cost for clinical treatment. Three-dimensional printing technology, also known as additive manufacturing, has developed rapidly over the last forty years, with gradual application in various fields from industry to dental sciences. Four-dimensional (4D) printing, defined as the fabrication of complex spontaneous structures that change over time in response to external stimuli in expected ways, includes the increasingly popular bioprinting. Existing 3D printing materials have varied characteristics and scopes of application; therefore, categorization is required. This review aims to classify, summarize, and discuss dental materials for 3D printing and 4D printing from a clinical perspective. Based on these, this review describes four major materials, i.e., polymers, metals, ceramics, and biomaterials. The manufacturing process of 3D printing and 4D printing materials, their characteristics, applicable printing technologies, and clinical application scope are described in detail. Furthermore, the development of composite materials for 3D printing is the main focus of future research, as combining multiple materials can improve the materials' properties. Updates in material sciences play important roles in dentistry; hence, the emergence of newer materials are expected to promote further innovations in dentistry.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.