ArticlePolymers2023
Short Flax Fibres and Shives as Reinforcements in Bio Composites: A Numerical and Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties.
Article in Polymers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Article
- Assessment of the Effect of Multiple Processing of PHBV-Ground Buckwheat Hull Biocomposite on Its Functional and Mechanical Properties.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Thermal Conductivity and Microstructure of Novel Flaxseed-Gum-Filled Epoxy Resin Biocomposite: Analytical Models and X-ray Computed Tomography.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The complete flax stem, which contains shives and technical fibres, has the potential to reduce the cost, energy consumption and environmental impacts of the composite production process if used directly as reinforcement in a polymer matrix. Earlier studies have utilised flax stem as reinforcement in non-bio-based and non-biodegradable matrices not completely exploiting the bio-sourced and biodegradable nature of flax. We investigated the potential of using flax stem as reinforcement in a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix to produce a lightweight, fully bio-based composite with improved mechanical properties. Furthermore, we developed a mathematical approach to predict the material stiffness of the full composite part produced by the injection moulding process, considering a three-phase micromechanical model, where the effects of local orientations are accounted. Injection moulded plates with a flax content of up to 20 V% were fabricated to study the effect of flax shives and full straw flax on the mechanical properties of the material. A 62% increase in longitudinal stiffness was obtained, resulting in a 10% higher specific stiffness, compared to a short glass fibre-reinforced reference composite. Moreover, the anisotropy ratio of the flax-reinforced composite was 21% lower, compared to the short glass fibre material. This lower anisotropy ratio is attributed to the presence of the flax shives. Considering the fibre orientation in the injection moulded plates predicted with Moldflow simulations, a high agreement between experimental and predicted stiffness data was obtained. The use of flax stems as polymer reinforcement provides an alternative to the use of short technical fibres that require intensive extraction and purification steps and are known to be cumbersome to feed to the compounder.
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