ReviewMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2023
Why Are Perivascular Spaces Important?
Review in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Central nervous system lymphatic network: from the maintenance of brain homeostasis to emerging therapeutic perspectives in neurodegenerative diseases.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Roles of Microglia in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Correlation between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and enlarged perivascular spaces in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- Brain Lymphatic Dysfunction in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Impact of Basal Ganglia Perivascular Spaces on Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Risks in Patients Taking Antithrombotic Therapies.Neurology · 2026Observational
- Epigenetic Control of Hyperuricemia and Gout by Gene Writer DNMT1 and RNA Editor ADAR1: Mechanism of Gout and Amyloid Dissolution in Down Syndrome.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Age- and sex-related glymphatic differences and hemispheric asymmetry in healthy adults at 7.0T magnetic resonance imaging.Psychoradiology · 2026Article
- Beyond AQP-4: convergent glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic dysfunction underlying multifactorial migraine pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in Patients with Lacunar Infarctions.Current neurovascular research · 2026Article
- The olfactory-glymphatic syndrome: linking smell dysfunction, cognitive impairment and sleep disturbances in neuropathological disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Autism Spectrum Disorder and Perivascular Spaces: An Integrative Perspective Across the Lifespan.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The integrity of perivascular spaces is absolutely essential for proper function of the glymphatic system waste and excess water removal from the brain.Histology and histopathology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Impact of a High-Fat Diet on Brain Homeostasis: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Absence of Inflammation.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Article
- Aortic Stiffness and Alzheimer's Disease: The Medin Connection.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- The enlarged perivascular spaces in the hippocampus is associated with memory function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pathophysiologic similarities between autism spectrum disorder and Alzheimer's disease: therapeutic possibilities.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Article
- Brain endothelial cell activation and dysfunction associate with and contribute to the development of enlarged perivascular spaces and cerebral small vessel disease.Histology and histopathology · 2024Review
- Perivascular spaces, plasma GFAP, and speeded executive function in neurodegenerative diseases.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Perivascular spaces (PVS) and their enlargement (EPVS) have been gaining interest as EPVS can be visualized non-invasively by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) when viewing T-2-weighted images. EPVS are most commonly observed in the regions of the basal ganglia and the centrum semiovale; however, they have also been identified in the frontal cortex and hippocampal regions. EPVS are known to be increased in aging and hypertension, and are considered to be a biomarker of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Interest in EPVS has been significantly increased because these PVS are now considered to be an essential conduit necessary for the glymphatic pathway to provide the necessary efflux of metabolic waste. Metabolic waste includes misfolded proteins of amyloid beta and tau that are known to accumulate in late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) within the interstitial fluid that is delivered to the subarachnoid space and eventually the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). The CSF acts as a sink for accumulating neurotoxicities and allows clinical screening to potentially detect if LOAD may be developing early on in its clinical progression via spinal fluid examination. EPVS are thought to occur by obstruction of the PVS that associates with excessive neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular stiffening that impairs flow due to a dampening of the arterial and arteriolar pulsatility that aids in the convective flow of the metabolic debris within the glymphatic effluxing system. Additionally, increased EPVS has also been associated with Parkinson's disease and non-age-related multiple sclerosis (MS).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.