ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2023
Primary-Sjögren's-Syndrome-Related Interstitial Lung Disease: A Clinical Review Discussing Current Controversies.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound B-lines and serum KL-6 in detecting Sjögren's disease-related interstitial lung diseases.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Article
- Serum growth differentiation factor 15 as a candidate biomarker associated with interstitial lung disease in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a clinical cross-sectional study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Association ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia in Sjögren disease: clinical course and comparison with other ILD patterns.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Sjogren's Disease-Aspects of Clinical Disease Beyond Dry Eyes/Mouth.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Lung ultrasound B-line quantification in CTD-ILD: a cross-sectional single-center observational study.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- The Role of Imaging Techniques in the Evaluation of Extraglandular Manifestations in Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The relationship between the biological biomarker lnc-DC and female patients with Sjögren's disease.BMC immunology · 2025Article
- High-Resolution CT Findings in Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Connective Tissue Diseases: Differentiating Patterns for Clinical Practice-A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Long-term changes in Sjögren's disease: a 9-year prospective follow-up study from the SJOGRENSER Registry.Rheumatology international · 2025Observational
- Recognition of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies Underlying Interstitial Lung Diseases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Use of rituximab in connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Huashi Runzao decoction for primary Sjögren disease: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial combined with m6A and m5C RNA modification analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- A Practical Multidisciplinary Approach to Identifying Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: A Clinician's Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Recent Advances in Pathogenesis, Diagnostic Imaging, and Treatment of Sjögren's Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Interstitial Lung Disease Phenotypes and Predictive Risk Factors in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Pulmonary Involvement in Sjögren's Syndrome: Correlations with Biomarkers of Activity and High-Resolution Computer Tomography Findings.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lung involvement, especially interstitial lung disease, is a potentially severe extra-glandular manifestation of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS-ILD). ILD can manifest either as a late complication of pSS or anticipate sicca symptoms, likely reflecting two different patho-physiological entities. Presence of lung involvement in pSS subjects can remain subclinical for a long time; therefore, patients should be actively screened, and lung ultrasound is currently being investigated as a potential low cost, radiation-free, easily repeatable screening tool for detection of ILD. In contrast, rheumatologic evaluation, serology testing, and minor salivary gland biopsy are crucial for the recognition of pSS in apparently idiopathic ILD patients. Whether the HRCT pattern influences prognosis and treatment response in pSS-ILD is not clear; a UIP pattern associated with a worse prognosis in some studies, but not in others. Many aspects of pSS-ILD, including its actual prevalence, association with specific clinical-serological characteristics, and prognosis, are still debated by the current literature, likely due to poor phenotypic stratification of patients in clinical studies. In the present review, we critically discuss these and other clinically relevant "hot topics" in pSS-ILD. More specifically, after a focused discussion, we compiled a list of questions regarding pSS-ILD that, in our opinion, are not easily answered by the available literature. We subsequently tried to formulate adequate answers on the basis of an extensive literature search and our clinical experience. At the same, we highlighted different issues that require further investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.