ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Clarifying the Differences between Patients with Organic Tics and Functional Tic-Like Behaviors.
Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Tics.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients with Mass Social Media-Induced Illness Presenting with Functional Tic-like Behaviors.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Experiences of self-identification, diagnosis and support for adults seeking a recognition of tic disorders in the United Kingdom.Primary health care research & development · 2026Article
- A Critical Examination of the Clinical Diagnosis of Functional Tic-like Behaviors.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Review
- Functional Tic-like Behaviors: From the COVID-19 Pandemic to the Post-Pandemic Era.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Functional Tic-Like Behaviors: A Common Comorbidity in Patients with Tourette Syndrome.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Article
- Premonitory Urge in Patients with Tics and Functional Tic-like Behaviors.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Article
- Tourette syndrome research highlights from 2023.F1000Research · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Due to the global increase in the number of patients with Functional Tic-Like Behaviors (FTLB), it has become increasingly important to find reliable differences between this patient group and patients with organic tics (OTs), which can be used in differential diagnosis. The purpose of this retrospective study was to critically examine both established and suggested differences between the patient groups. A total of 53 FTLB patients and 200 OT patients were included. Several findings from the current literature were replicated in this study: Compared to patients with OTs, patients with FTLB had significantly more complex tics, were older at symptom onset, were more likely to be female, and were less likely to have family members with tics. Furthermore, the study also revealed new differences between the groups: Patients with FTLB had significantly more family members with a psychiatric disorder, were more likely to have experienced an adverse psychosocial event immediately before symptom onset, and had significantly fewer simple tics. Finally, this study was unable to replicate the previously found differences in comorbidities between patients with OTs and FTLB. These findings could contribute significantly to the understanding of FTLB's etiology and to improve diagnosis, as including the presence of simple tics and comorbidities in the diagnostic criteria might be discussed in future studies.
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