ReviewBiomedicines2023
Complexity of Sex Differences and Their Impact on Alzheimer's Disease.
Review in Biomedicines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Stem Cell-Derived Models of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimmune System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Chemokines in Alzheimer's Disease: Early Defence, Late Damage and the Impact of Sex and Infection.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Review
- Six promising drug repurposing candidates for Alzheimer's disease and their sex-specific mechanisms and efficacy.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Distinct and Overlapping Neuroprotective Efficacy of Silk Lutein and Sericin-Derived Oligopeptides from Yellow Silk Cocoons in Rodent Models of AInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Network-level organization of systemic inflammation reflects early Alzheimer's-like behavioral changes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Network-Level Organization of Systemic Inflammation Reflects Early Alzheimer's-Like Behavioral Changes.Research square · 2025Article
- Baseline Impaired Insight Predicts Longitudinal Brain Atrophy in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Cognitive States: A 30-Month Cohort Study From the ADNI Dataset.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Hypoxia-ischemia and sexual dimorphism: modeling mitochondrial dysfunction using brain organoids.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Influence of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels on the slower age-related decline in grey matter in younger women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Animal and Cellular Models of Alzheimer's Disease.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- The Loss of Estradiol by Androgen Deprivation in Prostate Cancer Patients Shows the Importance of Estrogens in Males.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Review
- Glial cells are affected more than interneurons by the loss of Engrailed 2 gene in the mouse cerebellum.Journal of anatomy · 2024Article
- Impact of age and sex on myelopoiesis and inflammation during myocardial infarction.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2024Review
- Minding the Gap: Exploring Neuroinflammatory and Microglial Sex Differences in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sex differences are present in brain morphology, sex hormones, aging processes and immune responses. These differences need to be considered for proper modelling of neurological diseases with clear sex differences. This is the case for Alzheimer's disease (AD), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with two-thirds of cases diagnosed in women. It is becoming clear that there is a complex interplay between the immune system, sex hormones and AD. Microglia are major players in the neuroinflammatory process occurring in AD and have been shown to be directly affected by sex hormones. However, many unanswered questions remain as the importance of including both sexes in research studies has only recently started receiving attention. In this review, we provide a summary of sex differences and their implications in AD, with a focus on microglia action. Furthermore, we discuss current available study models, including emerging complex microfluidic and 3D cellular models and their usefulness for studying hormonal effects in this disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.