ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
New tools for immunologists: models of lymph node function from cells to tissues.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Multimodal single-cell and spatial profiling reveals altered T cell-mediated immunity and B-cell follicular architecture in non-metastatic lymph nodes of patients with aggressive non-small cell lung cancer.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Spatial topology and competitive access differentially shape early T cell priming in the lymph node: an agent-based modeling approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Integration of lymphatic vasculature to a human lymph node-on-chip enhances physiological immune properties.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Decellularized lymph node sections with preserved extracellular matrix for stromal cell culture.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Advances in engineering immune-tumor microenvironments on-a-chip: integrative microfluidic platforms for immunotherapy and drug discovery.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- FIRST PASSAGE TIMES TO T CELL ACTIVATION.ArXiv · 2025Article
- Isolation and Characterization of Equine Lymph Node Endothelial Cells.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Interstitial fluid flow in an engineered human lymph node stroma model modulates T cell egress and stromal change.APL bioengineering · 2025Article
- Monitoring Immune Responses to Vaccination: A Focus on Single-Cell Analysis and Associated Challenges.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Functional organotypic human lymph node model with native immune cells benefits from fibroblastic reticular cell enrichment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Boosting B cells in blood-derived organoids.Nature materials · 2025Article
- Deciphering the Human Germinal Center: A Review of Models to Study T-B Cell Interactions.European journal of immunology · 2025Review
- Initiation of primary T cell-B cell interactions and extrafollicular antibody responses in an organized microphysiological model of the human lymph node.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A 3D-printed multi-compartment organ-on-chip platform with a tubing-free pump models communication with the lymph node.Lab on a chip · 2025Article
- IL-7 promotes mRNA vaccine-induced long-term immunity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- Modeling memory B cell responses in a lymphoid organ-chip to evaluate mRNA vaccine boosting.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Targeting lymph nodes for enhanced cancer vaccination: From nanotechnology to tissue engineering.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Lymph Node-on-Chip Technology: Cutting-Edge Advances in Immune Microenvironment Simulation.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- 3D human tissue models and microphysiological systems for HIV and related comorbidities.Trends in biotechnology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The lymph node is a highly structured organ that mediates the body's adaptive immune response to antigens and other foreign particles. Central to its function is the distinct spatial assortment of lymphocytes and stromal cells, as well as chemokines that drive the signaling cascades which underpin immune responses. Investigations of lymph node biology were historically explored in vivo in animal models, using technologies that were breakthroughs in their time such as immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies, genetic reporters, in vivo two-photon imaging, and, more recently spatial biology techniques. However, new approaches are needed to enable tests of cell behavior and spatiotemporal dynamics under well controlled experimental perturbation, particularly for human immunity. This review presents a suite of technologies, comprising in vitro, ex vivo and in silico models, developed to study the lymph node or its components. We discuss the use of these tools to model cell behaviors in increasing order of complexity, from cell motility, to cell-cell interactions, to organ-level functions such as vaccination. Next, we identify current challenges regarding cell sourcing and culture, real time measurements of lymph node behavior in vivo and tool development for analysis and control of engineered cultures. Finally, we propose new research directions and offer our perspective on the future of this rapidly growing field. We anticipate that this review will be especially beneficial to immunologists looking to expand their toolkit for probing lymph node structure and function.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.