ArticleAnnals of medicine2023
Global, regional and national burden of orofacial clefts from 1990 to 2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
Article in Annals of medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Customized protective palatal obturator for intubation in newborns in cleft lip surgery: a randomized controlled trial.Annals of medicine · 2025Trial
- A Novel Loss-of-Function Variant inGenes · 2026Article
- Review
- Intersecting narratives: exploring generational differences in maternal health factors in Vietnamese mothers of children with orofacial clefts.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- The Psychosocial Impact of Cleft Lip and/or Palate on Caregivers and Individuals in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Review
- Ageing and Inequality Drive the Global Burden of Low Bone Mineral Density in Midlife and Older Women.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Food Security Impacts Health of Children With Orofacial Clefts: An 8-Year Review of the Global Burden of Disease Study.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national incidence, mortality, DALY, and prevalence rates of orofacial clefts in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021, with predictions to 2050.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Global burden of MASLD-IBD comorbidity from 1990 to 2021 and trend prediction to 2050.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding proteins and orofacial cleft.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Gene-environment interactions modulate the phenotype severity in mouse models of congenital craniofacial syndromes.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Pharmacogenomics in Orofacial Clefts Care: Insights from Whole-Genome Sequencing of Case-Parents Trios.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- Comparison of secondary surgery before and after centralisation of cleft services in the UK: a whole-island cross-sectional analysis.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Nationwide Spatial Patterns and Maternal and Birth-Related Factors Associated with Orofacial Clefts in Brazil.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Mortality in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- A non-syndromic orofacial cleft risk locus links tRNA splicing defects to neural crest cell pathologies.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- An epidemiological investigation of oral and maxillofacial anomalies in newborns and their relation to parental health in the Ha'il Region, Saudi Arabia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Emerging trends and cross-country health inequalities in congenital birth defects: insights from the GBD 2021 study.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Epidemiologic trends of cleft lip and/or palate in Switzerland.BMC oral health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOrofacial clefts are the most common congenital malformation, but the global burden and trends of orofacial clefts have not been comprehensively analysed. The aim of this study was to assess the global incidence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of orofacial clefts by countries, regions, sex and sociodemographic index (SDI) from 1990 to 2019.
methodsThe data on orofacial clefts were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The incidence, deaths and DALYs were analysed by countries, regions, sex and SDI. Age-standardized rates and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were calculated to evaluate the burden and temporal trend of orofacial clefts. The association between EAPC and the human development index was assessed.
resultsGlobally, the incidence, deaths and DALYs of orofacial clefts decreased from 1990 to 2019. The high SDI region showed the biggest downward trend in incidence rate from 1990 to 2019, along with the lowest age-standardized death rate and DALY rate. Some countries, such as Suriname and Zimbabwe, experienced increased death rate and DALY rate over time. The age-standardized death rate and DALY rate were negatively associated with the level of socioeconomic development.
conclusionGlobal achievement is evident in the control of the burden of orofacial clefts. The future focus of prevention should be on low-income countries, such as South Asia and Africa, by increasing healthcare resources and improving quality.KEY MESSAGESThis is the most recent estimate of the global epidemiology of orofacial clefts, with some countries not previously assessed.The global burden of orofacial clefts showed downward trends from 1990 to 2019; however, some low-income countries are still suffering from increasing burdens.Effective measures should be taken to reduce the burden of orofacial clefts in the uncontrolled regions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.