Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37226271›Full record

Trial reportBMC medicine2023

The effect of dietary carbohydrate and calorie restriction on weight and metabolic health in overweight/obese individuals: a multi-center randomized controlled trial.

Jia Sun, Yuting Ruan, Ningning Xu, Peili Wu, Nie Lin, Kun Yuan, Shengli An, Pei Kang, Shu Li, Qiya Huang and 15 more

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
8.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  15. Adherence to Behavioral Weight Management: A Scoping Review of Definitions, Measurement, and Components.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.

Jia Sun *Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. sunjia@smu.edu.cn.
Yuting Ruan *Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Ningning Xu *Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Peili Wu *Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Nie LinDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Kun YuanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Shengli AnDepartment of Bio-Statistics, Southern Medical University, No.1023 Sha Tai Nan Lu, Baiyun Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Pei KangDepartment of Bio-Statistics, Southern Medical University, No.1023 Sha Tai Nan Lu, Baiyun Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Shu LiDepartment of Endocrinology, Huizhou Municipal Center Hospital, No. 41, Eling North Road, Huizhou, Guangdong, China.
Qiya HuangDepartment of Endocrinology, Qing Yuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China.
YingzhangDepartment of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63, DuoBao Road, Liwan Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Yuzhong LiDepartment of Endocrinology, Dongguan Kanghua Hospital, 1000 Dongguan Avenue, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Jialin SuDepartment of Endocrinology, He Xian Memorial Hospital, No. 2, Qinghe East Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Wenjun MaDepartment of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, No. 106, Zhongshan Second Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Bo ChenDepartment of Endocrinology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No.466, Xing Gang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Xiuwei ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology, Dongguan People's Hospital, Wandao Road (South), Xinguchong, Wanjiang District, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Xiaoming ChenDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, Renmin Avenue South, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
Yongqian LiangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 1, Lunjiao Jiazi Road, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
Zeyuan LuDepartment of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Guobao DengDepartment of Endocrinology, Shaoguan First People's Hospital, No. 3, Dongdi South Road, Zhenjiang District, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China.
Zhen ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Yuqin WangPansonglou Health Management Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
Weiheng WenDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Huijie ZhangPansonglou Health Management Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China. huijezhang2005@126.com.
Hong ChenDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu Square, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. chenhong123@smu.edu.cn.
Southern Medical University · CNZhujiang Hospital · CNDongguan People’s Hospital · CNGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital · CNGuangzhou First People's Hospital · CNGuangdong Medical College · CNHuizhou Central People's Hospital · CNPanyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine · CNQingzhou City People's Hospital · CNSun Yat-sen University · CNThird Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBoth low-carbohydrate (LC) and calorie-restricted (CR) diets have been shown to have metabolic benefits. However, the two regimens have yet to be thoroughly compared. We conducted a 12-week randomized trial to compare the effects of these diets separately and in combination on both weight loss and metabolic risk factors in overweight/obese individuals.

methodsA total of 302 participants were randomized to LC diet (n = 76), CR diet (n = 75), LC + CR diet (n = 76), or normal control (NC) diet (n = 75) using a computer-based random number generator. The primary outcome was the change in body mass index (BMI). The secondary outcomes included body weight, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat, and metabolic risk factors. All participants attended health education sessions during the trial.

resultsA total of 298 participants were analyzed. BMI change over 12 weeks was - 0.6 (95% CI, - 0.8 to - 0.3) kg/m

conclusionsThe reduction of carbohydrate intake without restricting caloric intake is more potent to achieve weight loss over 12 weeks when compared to a calorie-restricted diet in overweight/obese adults. The combination of restricting carbohydrate and total calorie intake may augment the beneficial effects of reducing BMI, body weight, and metabolic risk factors among overweight/obese individuals.

trial registrationThe study was approved by the institutional review board of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University and registered at the China Clinical Trial Registration Center (registration number: ChiCTR1800015156).

Indexed as

Dietary CarbohydratesOverweightAdultCaloric RestrictionDiet, Carbohydrate-RestrictedHumansObesityDietary CarbohydratesCalorie-restricted dietLow-carbohydrate dietMetabolic risk factorsOverweight/obeseWeight loss

Identifiers

PMID37226271
PMCPMC10210464
OpenAlexW4378172122

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.