ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2023
Immunogenomic Landscape of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase 2 study of talabostat, a small molecule inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidases (DPP), administered in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with small cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Trial
- Neuromedin U 'innervation' reprograms myeloid immunosuppression in neuroendocrine prostate cancer.Oncogene · 2026Article
- DLL3-Targeted Strategies in Advanced Prostate Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.Drugs · 2026Review
- Immunological Features of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and Adrenal Tumors.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Patient-derived organoids across cancers reveal conserved tumor heterogeneity and actionable therapeutic vulnerabilities.Science advances · 2026Article
- Novel therapeutic strategies for metastatic castration‑resistant prostate cancer: Beyond androgen receptor pathway inhibition (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- GNL3 Orchestrates AR Transcriptional Programs to Drive Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Immune Evasion.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Targeting TPX2-dependent lineage plasticity by CDK4/6 inhibition reverses therapy resistance in neuroendocrine bladder carcinoma.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Suppression of mitochondrial energy production by a photosynthetic bacterial cupredoxin peptide inhibits tumor growth.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Genomic landscape and precision therapy in prostate cancer: current status and future directions.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) in focus: state of the art and future prospectives.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Deep learning-based non-invasive profiling of tumor transcriptomes from cell-free DNA for precision oncology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Preclinical Activity of the DLL3-Targeted T-cell Engager MK-6070 in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2026Article
- Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2026Review
- Clinical implication of immune check point inhibitors in advanced prostate cancer: insight from the KEYNOTE-991 trial.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Article
- Enzalutamide promotes an early plasticity-associated transcriptional state without terminal neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer cells.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Advances in understanding the tumor microenvironment of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Clinically oriented immune heterogeneity in prostate cancer: emerging targets and strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of neuroendocrine differentiation in castration-resistant prostate cancer and advances in the treatment of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Dynamic Reprogramming of Immune-Related Signaling During Progression to Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer.Cancers · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposePatients with neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) are often managed with immunotherapy regimens extrapolated from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). We sought to evaluate the tumor immune landscape of NEPC compared with other prostate cancer types and SCLC. EXPERIMENTAL
designIn this retrospective study, a cohort of 170 patients with 230 RNA-sequencing and 104 matched whole-exome sequencing data were analyzed. Differences in immune and stromal constituents, frequency of genomic alterations, and associations with outcomes were evaluated.
resultsIn our cohort, 36% of the prostate tumors were identified as CD8+ T-cell inflamed, whereas the remaining 64% were T-cell depleted. T-cell-inflamed tumors were enriched in anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages and exhausted T cells and associated with shorter overall survival relative to T-cell-depleted tumors (HR, 2.62; P < 0.05). Among all prostate cancer types in the cohort, NEPC was identified to be the most immune depleted, wherein only 9 out of the 36 total NEPC tumors were classified as T-cell inflamed. These inflamed NEPC cases were enriched in IFN gamma signaling and PD-1 signaling compared with other NEPC tumors. Comparison of NEPC with SCLC revealed that NEPC had poor immune content and less mutations compared with SCLC, but expression of checkpoint genes PD-L1 and CTLA-4 was comparable between NEPC and SCLC.
conclusionsNEPC is characterized by a relatively immune-depleted tumor immune microenvironment compared with other primary and metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma except in a minority of cases. These findings may inform development of immunotherapy strategies for patients with advanced prostate cancer.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.