ArticleCureus2023
Assessment of the Prevalence and Level of Awareness of Medication Overuse Headache Among the General Population in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Medication Overuse Headache and Health-Related Quality of Life for Adults with Migraine in Saudi Arabia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Awareness of medication-overuse headache in Hail, Saudi Arabia.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Ergotamine, triptans, and the global challenge of medication-overuse headache: a call to action from Asia-Oceania.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMedication overuse headache (MOH) is a secondary headache condition caused by consistently using more medication than necessary to treat headache symptoms. MOH is defined as a headache that occurs for 15 or more days per month in a patient with a pre-existing primary headache, and it develops as a result of regular overuse of symptomatic headache medication for more than three months. Patients with headaches often use simple pain medication for 15 or more days per month (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and paracetamol) and 10 or more days per month of opioids, triptans, and combination analgesics, but when there is no relief from these medications, the headache progression can lead to a cycle of consuming more medication with increased pain, which can lead to MOH.
objectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and awareness of MOH among the general population of Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2022 and March 2023 using a self-administered online questionnaire disseminated through social media. Data were collected from females and males 18 years of age and older living in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
resultsOverall, 715 individuals completed the questionnaire, 497 of whom were female (69.5%). The average age of the participants was 32.9 years (±13.3 years). The prevalence of MOH among those who reported having experienced headaches throughout their lifetimes was estimated to be 4.5%. Only 134 people (18.7%) were determined to be aware of MOH.
conclusionThis study demonstrated that the general population of Makkah has a high prevalence of MOH and low levels of MOH awareness.
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Registered trials
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