ArticleJournal of anatomy2023
Hyper-reflective dots in optical coherence tomography imaging and inflammation markers in diabetic retinopathy.
Article in Journal of anatomy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optical coherence tomography angiography imaging characteristics and clinical significance of the foveal vertical hyperreflective line in patients with macular neovascularisation.Eye (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Histology correlated adaptive optics polarisation sensitive optical coherence tomography.Biomedical optics express · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Biomarkers in Diabetic Macular Edema.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Hyperreflective Retinal Foci: An OCT Biomarker of Neuroinflammation in Geographic Atrophy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Cellular-Scale Photoreceptor Remodeling After Macular Hole Surgery Examined by Adaptive Optics Optical Coherence Tomography.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- The clinical relevance of hyper-reflective foci in the inner retina at the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.Neurological research and practice · 2025Article
- The TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism predicts visual and neurodegenerative outcomes in retinal detachment.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Hyperreflective Retinal Foci (HRF): Definition and Role of an Invaluable OCT Sign.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Letter to the Editor Regarding "Intraretinal Hyper-Reflective Foci Are Almost Universally Present and Co-Localize With Intraretinal Fluid in Diabetic Macular Edema".Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Topographic associations of hyperreflective materials in diabetic retinopathy: a multimodal correlation with microvascular pathology, structural remodeling and systemic metabolic dysregulation.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Retinal Hyperreflective Foci Are Biomarkers of Ocular Disease: A Scoping Review With Evidence From Humans and Insights From Animal Models.Journal of ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Global trends and hotspots of inflammation in diabetic retinopathy: a literature review and bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Hyperreflective retinal foci are associated with retinal degeneration after optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and multiple sclerosis.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Proliferative gliosis, a rare finding following multilayered inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique for concurrent macular hole and retinal detachment: Case series.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2024Article
- Hyper-reflective foci changes in RRMS under natalizumab therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Presumed Müller Cell Activation in Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Observational
- Hyper-reflective dots in optical coherence tomography imaging and inflammation markers in diabetic retinopathy.Journal of anatomy · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to correlate small dot hyper-reflective foci (HRF) observed in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans of an animal model of hyperglycaemia with focal electroretinography (fERG) response and immunolabelling of retinal markers. The eyes of an animal model of hyperglycaemia showing signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR) were imaged using SD-OCT. Areas showing dot HRF were further evaluated using fERG. Retinal areas enclosing the HRF were dissected and serially sectioned, stained and labelled for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and a microglial marker (Iba-1). Small dot HRF were frequently seen in OCT scans in all retinal quadrants in the inner nuclear layer or outer nuclear layer in the DR rat model. Retinal function in the HRF and adjacent areas was reduced compared with normal control rats. Microglial activation was detected by Iba-1 labelling and retinal stress identified by GFAP expression in Müller cells observed in discrete areas around small dot HRF. Small dot HRF seen in OCT images of the retina are associated with a local microglial response. This study provides the first evidence of dot HRF correlating with microglial activation, which may allow clinicians to better evaluate the microglia-mediated inflammatory component of progressive diseases showing HRF.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.