ArticleBiology of sex differences2023
Sex-specific associations of matrix metalloproteinases in Alzheimer's disease.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of metalloproteinases in patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Pooled it
- [Progress on prognostic assessment methods for mild cognitive impairment].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2026Review
- Enzymatic Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease: Uncovering Key Targets and Mechanisms.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Recent advances in biomarkers for cardiac fibrosis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Associations between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers related to endothelial dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Extracellular Matrix (ECM)-Regulated Molecular Switches: Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases in Synaptic Formation and Neuropathic Diseases.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Impaired Oxidative Stress Markers and Activities of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease, Emphasizing Sex andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- MMP3 at the crossroads: Linking molecular pathways to disease diagnosis and therapy.Pharmacological research · 2025Review
- Sex differences research is important!Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Music elicits different gene expression responses in the buccal cavity of age-related cognitive disorders patients and healthy controls.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- The Link Between Matrix Metalloproteinases and Alzheimer's Disease Pathophysiology.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Differences in metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in the cerebrospinal fluid are associated with delirium.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Minding the Gap: Exploring Neuroinflammatory and Microglial Sex Differences in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) can be characterised in vivo by biomarkers reflecting amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathology. However, there is a need for biomarkers reflecting additional pathological pathways. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have recently been highlighted as candidate biomarkers for sex-specific mechanisms and progression in AD.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, we investigated nine MMPs and four tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in the cerebrospinal fluid of 256 memory clinic patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to AD and 100 cognitively unimpaired age-matched controls. We studied group differences in MMP/TIMP levels and examined the associations with established markers of Aβ and tau pathology as well as disease progression. Further, we studied sex-specific interactions.
resultsMMP-10 and TIMP-2 levels differed significantly between the memory clinic patients and the cognitively unimpaired controls. Furthermore, MMP- and TIMP-levels were generally strongly associated with tau biomarkers, whereas only MMP-3 and TIMP-4 were associated with Aβ biomarkers; these associations were sex-specific. In terms of progression, we found a trend towards higher MMP-10 at baseline predicting more cognitive and functional decline over time exclusively in women.
conclusionOur results support the use of MMPs/TIMPs as markers of sex differences and progression in AD. Our findings show sex-specific effects of MMP-3 and TIMP-4 on amyloid pathology. Further, this study highlights that the sex-specific effects of MMP-10 on cognitive and functional decline should be studied further if MMP-10 is to be used as a prognostic biomarker for AD.
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