ReviewJournal of biological engineering2023
Enhancing chemical and physical stability of pharmaceuticals using freeze-thaw method: challenges and opportunities for process optimization through quality by design approach.
Review in Journal of biological engineering, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cryopreservation technology for improving the stability of liposomes and its precise drug monitoring in clinical drug research.Drug delivery · 2026Article
- Artificial Neptune balls: Superadhesive biomimetic networks for broad-size microplastics capture and removal.Science advances · 2026Article
- A Bioactive Oleogel Incorporating Chamomile Hydroglyceric Extract: Physicochemical Characterization, Occlusive Properties, Controlled Release and Biocompatibility.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Multifunctional 3D-Printed Alginate Emulgel Patches Incorporating Plant Extracts for Potential Burn Wound Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Recent Progress in Exosome-Derived Nanocarriers for Breast Cancer Therapy: Advances, Translational Barriers, and Scale-Up Considerations.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Review
- Managing Dissolved Air Throughout Freeze-Thaw Process to Reduce Aggregation of Human Serum Albumin.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- Recent Advancements in Gel-Based Flexible Electronic Sensors.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Freeze-Thaw-Synthesized PVA/Chitosan Hydrogels: Structure-Property Relationships and ANN Modeling of Swelling and Degradation Behaviors.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Article
- Thermo-Responsive Smart Hydrogels: Molecular Engineering, Dynamic Cross-Linking Strategies, and Therapeutics Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Efficient Cytosolic Delivery of siRNA Using Lyophilized and Reconstituted Polymer-siRNA Polyplexes.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
- Engineered plant extracellular vesicles: Emerging nanoplatforms for combinational cancer immunotherapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Hydrogels from Renewable Resources: Advances in 3D Networks Based on Cellulose and Hemicellulose.Polymers · 2025Review
- Engineered Sustainable Mxene-PVA Hydrogel as an Inspiring Co-Delivery Carrier for Targeting Solid Tumors.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Preliminary Evaluation of 3D-Printed Alginate/Gelatin Scaffolds for Protein Fast Release as Suitable Devices for Personalized Medicine.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Article
- 3D-Printed Contact Lenses to Release Polyvinyl Alcohol as a Therapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Dry Eyes.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Synthesis of PVA-Based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: Recent Trends and Advances.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Controlled PVA Release from Chemical-Physical Interpenetrating Networks to Treat Dry Eyes.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Simple and Fail-safe Method to Transform MiniprepBio-protocol · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The freeze-thaw (F/T) method is commonly employed during the processing and handling of drug substances to enhance their chemical and physical stability and obtain pharmaceutical applications such as hydrogels, emulsions, and nanosystems (e.g., supramolecular complexes of cyclodextrins and liposomes). Using F/T in manufacturing hydrogels successfully prevents the need for toxic cross-linking agents; moreover, their use promotes a concentrated product and better stability in emulsions. However, the use of F/T in these applications is limited by their characteristics (e.g., porosity, flexibility, swelling capacity, drug loading, and drug release capacity), which depend on the optimization of process conditions and the kind and ratio of polymers, temperature, time, and the number of cycles that involve high physical stress that could change properties associated to quality attributes. Therefore, is necessary the optimization of F/T conditions and variables. The current research regarding F/T is focused on enhancing the formulations, the process, and the use of this method in pharmaceutical, clinical, and biological areas. The present review aims to discuss different studies related to the impact and effects of the F/T process on the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties (porosity, swelling capacity) of diverse pharmaceutical applications with an emphasis on their formulation properties, the method and variables used, as well as challenges and opportunities in developing. Finally, we review the experimental approach for choosing the standard variables studied in the F/T method applying the systematic methodology of quality by design.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.