Trial reportBMC oral health2023
The efficacy of manual toothbrushes in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: a randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in BMC oral health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Laceback Ligature in Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of different types of toothbrushes on periodontal health in orthodontic patients with gingivitis: A randomized controlled study.BMC oral health · 2024Trial
- A short-term evaluation of oral hygiene education methods in fixed orthodontics patients: a randomized clinical trial comparing assistant training, software, and social media.BMC oral health · 2024Trial
- The effectiveness of water jet flossing and interdental flossing for oral hygiene in orthodontic patients with fixed appliances: a randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2024Trial
- Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Adding Electrolysis Device to Standard Methods of Maintaining Oral Hygiene in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Trials and triangles: Network meta-analysis of multi-arm trials with correlated arms.Research synthesis methods · 2025Article
- Investigation of the inter-rater reliability of three different plaque indices used in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.PloS one · 2025Article
- Innovations in oral hygiene tools: a mini review on recent developments.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aims to evaluate three types of manual toothbrushes [Cross action (CA), Flat trim (FT), and orthodontic type (OT)] in terms of efficacy in plaque removal in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.
backgroundManual toothbrushes are an essential part of oral hygiene for primary prevention. Plaque control, however, can be influenced by a number of individual and material-related factors. Individual factors include the presence of fixed orthodontic appliances on tooth surfaces, such as brackets and bands, which create difficulties with oral hygiene and lead to plaque formation. The evidence for the effectiveness of advanced bristle designs (multilevel, criss-cross) of the manual toothbrush alone in removing plaque in patients undergoing orthodontic therapy is limited.
methodsThe experiment followed the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines. This was a three treatment, three-period crossover clinical trial with a single brushing exercise. Thirty subjects were randomized to one of the three treatment sequences of different bristle designs: (CA, FT, and OT). The primary outcome measure was the difference in the plaque scores (baseline minus post-brushing) at each study period, as determined by the Turesky-Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index.
resultsOf the thirty-four subjects enrolled in the study, thirty of the subjects met the inclusion criteria and completed all three periods of the study. The mean age was 19.5 ± 1.52 years, with a range of 18-23 years. The differences between treatments in plaque score reduction after brushing were statistically significant (p-value < .001). The treatment differences were statistically significant (p-value < .001) favoring the FT toothbrush over the OT and CA types of toothbrush designs. On the contrary, the difference between the OT and CA types was not statistically significant.
conclusionsPlaque was significantly removed by the conventional FT toothbrush after a single brushing compared to the OT and CA types.
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