Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37218399›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2023

Unsaturated free fatty acid emulsion infusion into carotid artery enhances drug delivery to the rat brain.

Yong-Woo Kim, Seon Hee Choi, Ki Joo Choi, Hak Jin Kim, Jin Sook Kang, Dong Jin Hong

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yong-Woo KimDepartment of Radiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
Seon Hee ChoiInstitute for Research and Industry Cooperation, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
Ki Joo ChoiMSD-EM, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA.
Hak Jin KimDepartment of Radiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan National University Hospital, Biomedical Institute of Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, South Korea.
Jin Sook KangSchool of Mechanical engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
Dong Jin HongDepartment of Information Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo determine whether the blood-brain barrier (BBB) opens to enhance drug delivery during the acute stage of unsaturated fat embolism.

methodsWe infused oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid emulsions through the right common carotid artery of rats, followed by trypan blue for gross and lanthanum for electron microscopic (EM) examination. Doxorubicin and temozolomide were also administered, and then the rats were euthanized at 30 min, 1 h, and 2 h. Trypan blue hue was analyzed to semiquantitatively measure BBB opening. Desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) imaging was used to evaluate drug delivery.

resultsTrypan blue staining observed in each group 30 min after emulsion infusion increased at 1 h and decreased after 2 h in the oleic acid group. The linoleic and linolenic acid groups showed weak staining over time. The hue and trypan blue analysis results were corroborative. EM showed tight junction opening, whereas DESI-MS imaging showed increased doxorubicin and temozolomide signal intensities in ipsilateral hemispheres of all three groups.

conclusionWe demonstrated that oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid emulsions opened the BBB, promoting drug delivery to the brain. Hue analysis and DESI-MS imaging are appropriate for analysis of doxorubicin and temozolomide concentrations in brain tissue.

Indexed as

alpha-Linolenic AcidFatty Acids, NonesterifiedAnimalsBrainCarotid ArteriesCarotid Artery, CommonDoxorubicinEmulsionsRatsTemozolomideTrypan Bluealpha-Linolenic AcidDoxorubicinEmulsionsFatty Acids, NonesterifiedTemozolomideTrypan Blueantineoplastic drugBBBDESI-MSelectron microscopyfree fatty acid

Identifiers

PMID37218399
PMCPMC10275518

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.