Observational studyBMC oral health2023
Periodontal and peri-implant status and whole salivary interleukin 1-beta levels among individuals using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: an observational study.
Observational study in BMC oral health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and the periodontal status: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational clinical studies.Evidence-based dentistry · 2025Pooled it
- Non-Invasive Electrochemical Biosensors for Fibromyalgia: A Path Toward Objective Physiological Monitoring and Personalized Management.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The oral - X axis: from periodontal dysbiosis to systemic disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of salivary cortisol levels in peri-implant diseases: An analytical observational study.Journal of advanced periodontology & implant dentistry · 2025Article
- Evaluation of peri-implant health and whole salivary cortisol levels in adults with mental health disorders.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Correlation between periodontal status, whole salivary interleukin-1beta levels and oral yeasts carriage among individuals with varying ranges of body mass index.Acta odontologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Assessment of salivary biomarkers in early peri-implantitis detection.Bioinformation · 2025Article
- Oral Manifestations in Patients in Treatment with Antidepressants: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are commonly used for managing psychological diseases such as depression. These disorders are also directly associated with periodontal and peri-implant diseases, namely periodontitis and peri-implantitis, respectively. It is hypothesized that there is no difference in periodontal and peri-implant clinicoradiographic status and unstimulated whole salivary interleukin (IL)-1β levels in participants using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and controls (individuals not using SSRI). The aim of the present observational case-control study was to compare periodontal and peri-implant clinicoradiographic statuses and whole salivary IL-1β in participants using SSRI and controls.
methodsUsers of SSRI and controls were included. In all participants, periodontal (plaque index [PI], gingival index [GI], probing depth [PD], clinical attachment loss [AL] and marginal bone loss [MBL]) and peri-implant (modified PI [mPI], modified GI [mGI], PD and crestal bone loss [CBL]) were assessed. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected and IL-1β levels were determined. Information related to duration of implants in function, duration of depressive symptoms and treatment of depression was retrieved from healthcare records. Sample-size was estimated using 5% error and group comparisons were performed. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
resultsThirty-seven SSRI users and 35 controls were assessed. Individuals using SSRI had a history of depression of 4.2 ± 2.5 years. The mean age of SSRI-users and controls were 48.7 ± 5.7 and 45.3 ± 5.1 years, respectively. Tooth brushing twice daily was reported by 75.7% and 62.9% SSRI-users and controls, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in PI, mPI, GI, mGI, PD, clinical AL, numbers of MT and mesial and distal MBL and CBL among individuals using SSRI compared with controls (Tables 3 and 4). The unstimulated whole salivary flow rate in individuals using SSRI and controls was 0.11 ± 0.003 and 0.12 ± 0.001 ml/min, respectively. Whole salivary IL-1β levels in individuals using SSRI and controls were 57.6 ± 11.6 pg/ml and 34.6 ± 5.2 pg/ml, respectively.
conclusionUsers of SSRI and controls demonstrate healthy periodontal and peri-implant tissue statuses with no marked differences in whole salivary IL-1β levels provided oral hygiene is stringently maintained.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.