ReviewNeuro-oncology advances
Convection-enhanced delivery of immunomodulatory therapy for high-grade glioma.
Review in Neuro-oncology advances. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Convection-Enhanced Delivery of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Enhances Intratumoral Distribution and Therapeutic Efficacy in an Orthotopic Rat Glioma Model.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- FABP7: A Regulator of Neuro-Immune Metabolic Networks and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Glioma.Cancers · 2026Review
- Breaking Barriers: Advancements in CNS Drug Delivery for Glioblastoma.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Local Nanomedicine and Nano-Enabled Biomaterials After Glioblastoma Resection.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Diagnostic imaging and emerging image-guided neurointervention in brain tumors: a narrative review.Frontiers in radiology · 2026Review
- Synergic microRNAs suppress human glioblastoma progression by modulating clinically relevant targets.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Beyond the Walls of Troy: A Scoping Review on Pharmacological Strategies to Enhance Drug Delivery Across the Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-Tumor Barrier.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Targeting the glioblastoma resection margin with locoregional nanotechnologies.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Utilization of nanotechnology to surmount the blood-brain barrier in disorders of the central nervous system.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- A phase I study of convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of liposomal-irinotecan using real-time magnetic resonance imaging in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Crossing the blood-brain barrier: emerging therapeutic strategies for neurological disease.The Lancet. Neurology · 2025Review
- Modulation of blood-tumor barrier transcriptional programs improves intratumoral drug delivery and potentiates chemotherapy in GBM.Science advances · 2025Article
- Targeting the neuroimmune axis in glioblastoma: emerging strategies for precision immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- An implantable, intracerebral osmotic pump for convection-enhanced drug delivery in glioblastoma multiforme.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Bioinspired intratumoral infusion port catheter improves local drug delivery in the liver.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Modulation of blood-tumor barrier transcriptional programs improves intra-tumoral drug delivery and potentiates chemotherapy in GBM.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Biomarkers of immunotherapy in glioblastoma.Neuro-oncology practice · 2024Review
- A Review of Therapeutic Agents Given by Convection-Enhanced Delivery for Adult Glioblastoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Revolutionizing Brain Tumor Care: Emerging Technologies and Strategies.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The prognosis for glioblastoma has remained poor despite multimodal standard of care treatment, including temozolomide, radiation, and surgical resection. Further, the addition of immunotherapies, while promising in a number of other solid tumors, has overwhelmingly failed in the treatment of gliomas, in part due to the immunosuppressive microenvironment and poor drug penetrance to the brain. Local delivery of immunomodulatory therapies circumvents some of these challenges and has led to long-term remission in select patients. Many of these approaches utilize convection-enhanced delivery (CED) for immunological drug delivery, allowing high doses to be delivered directly to the brain parenchyma, avoiding systemic toxicity. Here, we review the literature encompassing immunotherapies delivered via CED-from preclinical model systems to clinical trials-and explore how their unique combination elicits an antitumor response by the immune system, decreases toxicity, and improves survival among select high-grade glioma patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.