ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Understanding humoral immunity and multiple sclerosis severity in Black, and Latinx patients.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial and ethnic disparities in pediatric autoimmune encephalitis: A systematic review.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Two Years of Ocrelizumab Treatment in Black and Hispanic People with Multiple Sclerosis in CHIMES: A Single-Arm Clinical Trial.Annals of neurology · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of Ofatumumab and Teriflunomide in Patients With Relapsing MS From Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups: ASCLEPIOS I/II Subgroup Analyses.Neurology · 2024Trial
- B-Cell-Targeted Therapies for Black vs White Americans with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis.Ethnicity & disease · 2025Observational
- Embodiment of structural racism and multiple sclerosis risk and outcomes in the USA.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- B cell-extrinsic and intrinsic factors linked to early immune repletion after anti-CD20 therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis of African ancestry.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Multiple Sclerosis, Rituximab, Hypogammaglobulinemia, and Risk of Infections.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- VISIBL-MS: A bilingual educational framework to increase awareness of early multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Review
- Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells and Multiple Sclerosis.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- A tale of race and B cells in multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
People identified with Black/African American or Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity are more likely to exhibit a more severe multiple sclerosis disease course relative to those who identify as White. While social determinants of health account for some of this discordant severity, investigation into contributing immunobiology remains sparse. The limited immunologic data stands in stark contrast to the volume of clinical studies describing ethnicity-associated discordant presentation, and to advancement made in our understanding of MS immunopathogenesis over the past several decades. In this perspective, we posit that humoral immune responses offer a promising avenue to better understand underpinnings of discordant MS severity among Black/African American, and Hispanic/Latinx-identifying patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.