ArticleExposure and health2023
Leveraging Systematic Reviews to Explore Disease Burden and Costs of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposures in the United States.
Article in Exposure and health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- A conceptual framework linking health related costs of PFAS pollution to the polluter pays principle.iScience · 2026Article
- Embedding Chemistry and Pharmacy Into Sustainability.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Review
- Recent advances and challenges of analytical methods for detection of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances.RSC advances · 2026Review
- The Impact of Forever Chemicals on Protein Structure and Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mitigating PFAS contamination in the United States: assessing the impact of California's legislation from 2018 to 2022 on drinking water quality.Journal of public health policy · 2025Review
- Emerging toxicological awareness of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: the rising concern over 'forever chemicals'.Disease models & mechanisms · 2025Review
- The quest for the perfect "total PFAS" method: how can the total oxidisable precursor (TOP) assay be made reliable?Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Review
- Health impacts of exposure to synthetic chemicals in food.Nature medicine · 2025Review
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in paired serum and breastmilk samples among pregnant farmworkers in Thailand.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2025Article
- Climate Actions, Persistent Pollutants, and Human Health: A Call for Integrated Assessments.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Zürich II Statement on Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): Scientific and Regulatory Needs.Environmental science & technology letters · 2024Review
- Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Mainstream recognition of health effects and implications for the practicing internist.Journal of internal medicine · 2024Article
- Chemicals Used in Plastic Materials: An Estimate of the Attributable Disease Burden and Costs in the United States.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Approaches to risk-benefit assessment of seafood consumption: lessons learned from an evidence scan.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Review
- The Global Plastics Treaty: An Endocrinologist's Assessment.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Article
- The regulation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals to minimize their impact on health.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Pets, Genuine Tools of Environmental Pollutant Detection.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Integrated data-driven cross-disciplinary framework to prevent chemical water pollution.One earth (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023Article
- The Threat Posed by Environmental Contaminants on Neurodevelopment: What Can We Learn from Neural Stem Cells?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Accelerating evidence confirms the contribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to disease burden and disability across the lifespan. Given that policy makers raise the high cost of remediation and of substituting PFAS with safer alternatives in consumer products as barriers to confronting adverse health outcomes associated with PFAS exposure, it is important to document the costs of inaction even in the presence of uncertainty. We therefore quantified disease burdens and related economic costs due to legacy PFAS exposures in the US in 2018. We leveraged systematic reviews and used meta-analytic inputs whenever possible, identified previously published exposure-response relationships, and calculated PFOA- and PFOS-attributable increases in 13 conditions. These increments were then applied to census data to determine total annual PFOA- and PFOS-attributable cases of disease, from which we calculated economic costs due to medical care and lost productivity using previously published cost-of-illness data. We identified PFAS-attributable disease costs in the US of $5.52 billion across five primary disease endpoints shown to be associated with PFAS exposure in meta-analyses. This estimate represented the lower bound, with sensitivity analyses revealing as much as $62.6 billion in overall costs. While further work is needed to assess probability of causation and establish with greater certainty effects of the broader category of PFAS, the results confirm further that public health and policy interventions are still necessary to reduce exposure to PFOA and PFOS and their endocrine-disrupting effects. This study demonstrates the large potential economic implications of regulatory inaction. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12403-022-00496-y.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.