ArticleBMC public health2023
Trends of cannabis use and related harms before and after legalization for recreational purpose in a developing country in Asia.
Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia spectrum disorders around the globe: a mapping review of the literature.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Change of substance-related hospitalisation in adolescents after cannabis legalisation in Thailand in 2022.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Cannabis tourism in transition: operators' perspectives on regulatory change and governance in Bangkok, Thailand.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Problematic social media use among recreational cannabis users in Québec: A Cross-Sectional study.Addictive behaviors reports · 2026Article
- Expected population prevalence following decriminalization of recreational use of cannabis in Sweden.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Burden and risk factors of mental and substance use disorders among children aged 5-14 in Asia from 1990 to 2021: results from the Global Burden of Disease study.Family medicine and community health · 2025Article
- Cannabis use experience of patients with chronic disease after revisions to the cannabis legalization regulations: a mixed-methods study in primary care settings in the south of Thailand.Primary health care research & development · 2025Article
- Harnessing bioactive compounds from Cannabis sativa residue to improve rumen fermentation and reduce methane production: in silico, in vitro, and in situ nylon bag studies.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Global Influence of Cannabis Legalization on Social Media Discourse: Mixed Methods Study.JMIR infodemiology · 2025Article
- Tracking and analysis of testicular cancer burden in adolescents and young adults globally in Asia and in China: 1990-2021 epidemiological trends.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Article
- The Relationships of Early Use of Marijuana With Substance Use and Violence in Adolescent Gamblers and Non-Gamblers.Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2025Article
- Review
- From tradition to progressiveness: Analyzing Thailand's image on youtube amid post-cannabis legalization.PloS one · 2025Article
- Evaluating Online Cannabis Health Information for Thai Breast Cancer Survivors Using the Quality Evaluation Scoring Tool (QUEST): Mixed Method Study.JMIR cancer · 2024Article
- "If I could try it, I'd try it": Qualitative study of the illegal vaping culture in Singapore.Addictive behaviors reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Regular cannabis use modulates gamma activity in brain regions serving motor control.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Illicit Cannabis Use to Self-Treat Chronic Health Conditions in the United Kingdom: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Pharmacokinetics behavior of four cannabidiol preparations following single oral administration in dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Determining the diagnostic cut-off on the Chinese version of severity of dependence scale for cannabis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThailand was the first country in Asia to legalize the use and purchase of cannabis leaves in February 2021 and the whole plant in June 2022 after the 2019 allowance for medical purposes. The study explored trends in cannabis use in Thailand before and after the recreational cannabis allowance was imposed.
methodsCannabis and other variables of substance use, cannabis use disorder, and attitude towards cannabis of the Thai population aged 18 to 65 years in 2019 (n = 5,002), 2020 (n = 5,389) and 2021 (n = 5,669) were obtained from annual surveys conducted in the last two months of each year by the Centre for Addiction Studies. The surveys were repeat cross-sectional surveys of the general population of Thailand. Repeated variables from at least two annual surveys were included for analysis using the Chi-square test and the t-test.
resultsThe prevalence of cannabis use in the past year had increased from 2.2% in 2019 to 2.5% and 4.2% in 2020 and 2021 respectively, while those of methamphetamine, alcohol, and tobacco use had decreased. Trends in past-year drinking/eating cannabis products had increased, especially among the middle age group (40-49 years) from 2.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3, 3.1) in 2019 and 1.1% (95% CI: 0.6, 1.9) in 2020 to 3.8% (95% CI: 2.8, 5.0) in 2021. The younger population aged 18-19 had an increase in cannabis smoking from 0.9% (95% CI: 0.1, 3.3) in 2019 to 2.0% (95% CI: 0.5, 5.1) and 2.2% (95% CI: 0.7, 5.1) in 2020 and 2021 respectively. Symptoms of cannabis use disorder among cannabis users increased from 2019 to 2020 and then reversed afterwards in 2021. Thais had greater health knowledge about the benefits and harms of cannabis and had attitudes toward more harm of cannabis in 2021; however, 35.6% or a third of the sample in 2021 truly believed that cannabis was a cure for cancer, and 23.2% or one-fourth were uncertain or did not believe that cannabis was addictive.
conclusionsAlthough most of the substances had a lower prevalence of use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand, cannabis had a higher use after legalization. Thai youth had a growing trend to smoke cannabis.
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