ArticleBMC genomics2023
Effect of bacillus subtilis strain Z15 secondary metabolites on immune function in mice.
Article in BMC genomics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trained immunity: New insights into pathogenesis and therapeutic targets in diabetes and diabetic complications.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Article
- Probiotic effect of B. subtilis PS-216 in broiler chickens: modulation of weight, feed conversion, short chain fatty acids, microbiota and meat quality.Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Bacillus velezensis MFF 2.2-derived lipopeptides modulate gut immune response in BALB/c mice maintaining mucosal integrity and systemic safety.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Winning the battle of intestinal peace withFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Correction to: Effect of bacillus subtilis strain Z15 secondary metabolites on immune function in mice.BMC genomics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
17 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have shown that secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis strain Z15 (BS-Z15) are effective in treating fungal infections in mice. To evaluate whether it also modulates immune function in mice to exert antifungal effects, we investigated the effect of BS-Z15 secondary metabolites on both the innate and adaptive immune functions of mice, and explored its molecular mechanism through blood transcriptome analysis.
resultsThe study showed that BS-Z15 secondary metabolites increased the number of monocytes and platelets in the blood, improved natural killer (NK) cell activity and phagocytosis of monocytes-macrophages, increased the conversion rate of lymphocytes in the spleen, the number of T lymphocytes and the antibody production capacity of mice, and increased the levels of Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Immunoglobulin M (IgM) in plasma. The blood transcriptome analysis revealed 608 differentially expressed genes following treatment with BS-Z15 secondary metabolites, all of which were significantly enriched in the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) terms for immune-related entries and pathways such as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, and upregulated expression levels of immune-related genes such as Complement 1q B chain (C1qb), Complement 4B (C4b), Tetracyclin Resistant (TCR) and Regulatory Factor X, 5 (RFX5).
conclusionsBS-Z15 secondary metabolites were shown to enhance innate and adaptive immune function in mice, laying a theoretical foundation for its development and application in the field of immunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.