ArticleRMD open2023
Four trajectories of 24-hour urine protein levels in real-world lupus nephritis cohorts.
Article in RMD open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early SLE may follow a fast comorbidity/multimorbidity trajectory associated with flare burden and glucocorticoid exposure.RMD open · 2026Article
- Distinct anti-MDA5 antibody trajectories associated with long-term outcomes in 6-month survivors of anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Trajectories of long-term eGFR and proteinuria in lupus nephritis: a real-world biopsy-proven cohort study.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Association between dehydration trajectory, delayed cerebral ischemia, and functional outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: assessment of interaction and mediation.Journal of neurointerventional surgery · 2026Article
- Influence of different urine preservation methods and addition of preservatives on quantitative detection of 24-h urinary protein.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Value of SLE-DAS in assessing disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a single-centre retrospective study.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Article
- Combination of anti-SSA/Ro60 and anti-dsDNA serotype is predictive of belimumab renal response in patients with lupus nephritis.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesA 24-hour urine protein (24hUP) is a key measurement in the management of lupus nephritis (LN); however, trajectories of 24hUP in LN is poorly defined.
methodsTwo LN cohorts that underwent renal biopsies at Renji Hospital were included. Patients received standard of care in a real-world setting and 24hUP data were collected over time. Trajectory patterns of 24hUP were determined using the latent class mixed modelling (LCMM). Baseline characters were compared among trajectories and multinomial logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors. Optimal combinations of variables were identified for model construction and user-friendly nomograms were developed.
resultsThe derivation cohort composed of 194 patients with LN with 1479 study visits and a median follow-up of 17.5 (12.2-21.7) months. Four trajectories of 24hUP were identified, that is, Rapid Responders, Good Responders, Suboptimal Responders and Non-Responders, with the KDIGO renal complete remission rates (time to complete remission, months) of 84.2% (4.19), 79.6% (7.94), 40.4% (not applicable) and 9.8% (not applicable), respectively (p<0.001). The 'Rapid Responders' distinguish itself from other trajectories and a nomogram, composed of age, systemic lupus erythematosus duration, albumin and 24hUP yielded C-indices >0.85. Another nomogram to predict 'Good Responders' yielded C-indices of 0.73~0.78, which composed of gender, new-onset LN, glomerulosclerosis and partial remission within 6 months. When applied to the validation cohort with 117 patients and 500 study visits, nomograms effectively sorted out 'Rapid Responders' and 'Good Responders'.
conclusionFour trajectories of LN shed some light to guide the management of LN and further clinical trials design.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.