ArticlePolicing (Bradford, England)2020
Hidden danger: A 22-years analysis of law enforcement deaths associated with duty-related illnesses (1997-2018).
Article in Policing (Bradford, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Environmental Influences on Food Addiction and Cardiometabolic Profiles in Law Enforcement Officers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Police Fitness: An International Perspective on Current and Future Challenges.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Components Among Police Officers: A 7 and 12-Year Longitudinal Analysis.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Increased risk of developing cerebro-cardiovascular diseases in police officers: a nationwide retrospective cohort study.Clinical hypertension · 2024Article
- Work-Related Stress and Psychological Distress among Law Enforcement Officers: The Carolina Blue Project.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Proportionate mortality and national rate of death from COVID-19 among US law enforcement officers: 2020.Policing (Bradford, England) · 2022Article
- Dying for the job: police mortality, 1950-2018.Policing (Bradford, England) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose –: Law enforcement is a dangerous profession not only due to assaults, accidents and homicides but also due to health risks. This study examined trends in the national frequency and rate of law enforcement jobrelated illness deaths in the United States over a 22-year period (1997-2018). Design/methodology/approach –: Data were obtained from the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund (NLEOMF) on death frequencies related to health issues at work. Death rates were based on the total number of police officers in the United States [rate = (frequency/population at risk) × 100,000]. Trends were examined using standardized regression. Findings –: A total of 646 deaths were attributed to job-related illness. There was a significant upward trend in overall job-related illness deaths (frequency analyses: Research limitations/implications –: Deaths were not included if they failed to meet medical requirements of the NLEOMF. The data are descriptive, do not estimate risk and should be interpreted cautiously. Practical implications –: Police wellness programs may help to reduce the danger of deaths associated with job-related illness. Originality/value –: This is among the first studies to examine frequency and rate of police health-related deaths due to job exposures.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.