ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
Type I and III interferons shape the retinal cytokine network and barrier function in an
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Putative mechanisms of ocular inflammation in syphilis.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2026Review
- ROP16 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Like Changes in Ocular Toxoplasmosis via STAT3 and TGF-β1 Pathways.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Total RNA and MicroRNA Transcriptomic Responses of Human Retinal Müller Glial Cells to Infection withOphthalmology science · 2026Article
- Mice deficient of G-protein coupled receptor 3 (GPR3) developed severe experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) through increased effector T cell activities.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Interferons andFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Mutual regulations betweenFrontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: The particularities of the ocular immune environment and its barrier protection in the context of infection are not well elucidated. The apicomplexan parasite Methods: As a first approach, we studied the initial cytokine network in vitro in four human cell lines: Retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE), microglial, astrocytic and Müller cells. Furthermore, we looked at the consequences of retinal infection on the integrity of the outer blood-retina barrier (oBRB). We particularly focused on the roles of type I and type III interferons, (IFN-β and IFN-λ). Especially IFN-λ is known for its significant role in barrier defense. However, its effect on the retinal barrier or Results and Discussion: Here, we show that stimulation with type I and III interferons did not limit parasite proliferation in retinal cells we tested. However, IFN-β and IFN-γ strongly induced inflammatory or cell-attracting cytokine production, whereas IFN-λ1 showed less inflammatory activity. Concomitant Conclusion: Together, our model shows how
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.