ArticleMetabolic brain disease2023
Anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective potentials of anethole in Parkinson's disease-like motor and non-motor symptoms induced by rotenone in rats.
Article in Metabolic brain disease, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic potential of neuroprotective plant extracts in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Integrative Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Dynamics Simulation Guided Discovery of Anethole, Carvacrol, Carnosol, Nicotine, and Paeonol as Potential Therapeutics for Parkinson's Disease.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Article
- Caffeine-augmented exercise as a pretreatment for locomotor and balance impairments induced by REM sleep deprivation in rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neurotrophic Effects ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Microglia-induced neuroinflammation in hippocampal neurogenesis following traumatic brain injury.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Differentiation and regulation of CD4Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Anethole Prevents the Alterations Produced by Diabetes Mellitus in the Sciatic Nerve of Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Alleviating Neurodegenerative Diseases Associated with Mitochondrial Defects by Therapeutic Biomolecules.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by a combination of motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds are considered a potential therapeutic strategy against PD. The present study examined the neuroprotective effects of anethole as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent against motor and non-motor deficits induced by rotenone toxicity. Rats were treated with anethole (62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg, i.g) concomitantly with rotenone (2 mg/kg, s.c) for 5 weeks. After the treatment, behavioral tests were performed to evaluate motor function and depression-/anxiety-like behaviors. After the behavioral tests, rats were decapitated and brains were removed for histological analysis. Striatum samples were also isolated for neurochemical, and molecular analysis. Our data showed that rotenone-induced motor deficit, anxiety-and depression-like behaviors were significantly improved in rats treated with anethole. Furthermore, anethole treatment reduced inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 in the striatum of rotenone-induced PD rats. Western blot analysis showed that treatment with anethole markedly suppressed caspase-3 activation induced by rotenone. Moreover, histological examination of striatum showed an increase in the number of surviving neurons after treatment with anethole. Anethole also significantly enhanced the striatal levels of dopamine in rotenone-induced PD rats. In addition, treatment with L-Dopa as a positive control group had effects similar to those of anethole on histological, neurochemical, and molecular parameters in rotenone-induced parkinsonian rats. Our results suggested the neuroprotective effects of anethole through anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant mechanisms against rotenone-induced toxicity in rats.
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